【作者】 刘强；

【导师】 朱宏斌；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 职业技术教育学， 2014， 硕士

【副题名】以陕西省旅游学校为例

【摘要】 随着旅游业的快速发展，以及经济全球化影响的加剧，旅游市场竞争日趋激烈。持续发展和变化的旅游市场将不断催生新的人才培养理念及培养模式，要实现从世界旅游大国向世界旅游强国跨越的梦想，加快实施科教兴旅、人才强旅战略乃是当务之急。旅游职业教育将面临前所未有的重大发展机遇和挑战，旅游职业教育，特别是中职教育应顺应市场的发展，培养实用型人才。因此，墨守成规地照搬照抄传统的培养模式，必将被日新月异的市场发展所淘汰。当前，中职教育到了发展的关键时期，中等职业学校该如何生存、发展是直接面临的问题。门类繁杂，良莠不齐，许多学校脱离市场机制，职业特色不突出，导致旅游教育对旅游人才供给的结构失衡。教育模式不灵活，导致旅游教育对旅游人才供给的素质偏低。旅游教育资源缺乏有效整合，课程设置不合理，缺乏针对性等许多问题，导致旅游教育对旅游人才供给的总量不足。造成了一方面旅游企业急需人才，另一方面学生就业难的困境。生源萎缩、布点分散、专业雷同、发展困难。本文通过对旅游中职教育的研究，结合旅游产业的发展状况，利用旅游学和教育学的观点，从宏观和微观方面对旅游中职教育模式的创新发展进行论述。分析近几年学校招生、教学方面的情况，从办学理念、人才培养模式、课程设置、教学内容与手段、实践教学等方面着手。特别是在目前生源危机的情况下，中职学校如何生存、发展，提出积极的、建设性的意见。将科学的管理理念及方法运用于旅游中职教育发展问题，进行研究、探讨，并以此提出对策、建议，对搞好旅游教育、培养旅游业人才、特别是旅游学校今后自身发展具有重要的理论和现实意义。通过梳理和整合现有的研究成果,选取陕西省旅游学校为研究对象，对旅游中职教育存在的问题进行研究、分析，提出一些建议及对策，对该校创新模式深入研究。陕西作为教育资源大省，如何发挥资源优势，形成与新兴产业相对接，建立产、教、研深度融合的特色化现代职业教育体系，是当前社会各界共同关注的重要命题。陕西省旅游学校在办学理念、培养模式、技能实训、教学质量、学生就业等方面进行了深入的探索和有益的实践，取得了一定的成绩，积累了成功的经验。该校积极探索“冠名班”办学模式，以及构建“双语教学”、“教学工坊”等品牌建设的方案，依托行业、立足实际、校企结合，以企业冠名班为载体，积极探索“产学交叉”新路径下的酒店服务与管理人才订单培养新模式，为企业输送更多的技能型、实用型酒店服务与管理类的专门人才。学校、企业、学生三方主动参与的一种新型的旅游人才培养模式，赋予了旅游人才培养模式新内涵，突出了旅游职教特色，提升了旅游职教吸引力，得到了各方的认可。陕旅校的办学模式，可为同类学校办学提供借鉴及参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of tourism, as well as the impact of economic globalizationintensification, the competation of tourism market is fierce day by day. Sustainabledevelopment and change of the tourism market will continue to create new ideas of talentscultivation and training mode.In order to achieve the dream of leaping from tourism countryto tourism power in the world, speed up the implementation of developing tourism throughscience and education, strengthening tourism through talents is a top priority. Tourismvocational education will face unprecedented opportunities and challenges. Tourismvocational education, especially secondary vocational education should adapt to thedevelopment of market and cultivate practical talents. Therefore, imitates traditional trainingmode surely will be eliminated by the rapid development market with each passing day.At present, the development of secondary vocational education reaches the critical period.For secondary vocational school, how to survival and develop are the problem we directlyconfronted with. Such as miscellaneous categories, mixed bag, many out of marketmechanisms, vocational feature is not prominent, leading to structural imbalances of tourismeducation to tourism of talents supply. Education pattern is not flexible, resulting in lowquality of tourism talents supply through tourism education. Lack of effective integration ofresources of tourism education, curriculum is unreasonable, and many problems such as thelack of specificity, resulting in total lack of tourism talents supply. On the one hand, it causestourism enterprise needing talent in urgent, on the other hand the plight of studentsemployment. The source of students shrinks; the place of training scatter; the majors are thesame and the development is difficult.Through the study of tourism secondary vocational education, combined with thedevelopment of the tourism industry, and utilize the viewpoint of pedagogy and tourismscience, to discuss the innovation and development of tourism vocational education modefrom macro and micro aspects of tourism. Analyze school enrollment, teaching aspect inrecent years, from theory on school management, personnel training mode, curriculum provision, contents and methods of courses and practical teaching, and other aspects to startwith. Especially in the current crisis of sources of students, how to survive and develop insecondary school and put forward the positive, constructive suggestions. Applied thescientific management ideas and methods to the development of secondary tourism vocationaleducation, to research, discuss and to raise countermeasure and suggestion. It is of greattheoretical and practical significance to improve tourism education and the training of tourismpersonnel, especially the school itself in the future development of tourism.Through combing and integrating the existing research results, choosing ShaanxiProvincial Tourism Institute as research object, to study and analize the exsisting problems oftourism vocational education, in order to raise some suggestions and strategies for the furtherstudy of innovation model of the school. Shaanxi, as a big province in educational resource,how to give play to resource superiority, form the connection of emerging industries,establishing modern vocational education system with mixing of production, teaching andresearch in depth,, is an important topic concerned by all walks of life. In this background,Shaanxi Provincial Tourism School conduct in-depth exploration and useful practice in theoryon school management, training mode, practical skills training, teaching quality, studentemployment, and other aspects. They have made certain achievements, and accumulatedexperience of success. They also explore actively school running-model of “Titled Class”,establish brand building project of “Bilingual Education”,“Teaching Workshop” in ShaanxiProvincial Tourism Institute. They rely on tourism industry, base on the reality, cooperate withenterprises, and take titled class as carrier, to explore the new model of talent training. Sendmore skilled and practical talents for the industry, and give new connotation to training modeof tourism talents. Highlight the features of tourism vocational education; upgrade theattraction of tourism vocational education, and it has get recognition on all sides. The schoolrunning-model of Shaanxi Provincial Tourism School can provide references for similarschools.更多还原