【作者】 杨霞；

【导师】 刘恺；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工业大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 印刷电路板(Printed Circuit Board,简称PCB)是用于安装和插接电子元器件的基板,只要有电子元器件的存在,它们之间的电气互连,就必须使用印刷电路板。可以说印刷电路板是所有电子产品不可缺少的基本组成部分,它的质量情况直接影响到电子产品的性能。随着国民经济的快速发展和科学技术的不断进步,电子产品现如今变得更小、更轻、更短、更薄,这也使得印刷电路板朝着更精密、间距更小和缺陷率更低的方向发展,因此,在印刷电路板的生产过程中我们对PCB的检测技术在精密性、高效性和智能化等方面也提出了更高的要求。所以,开发一种精确、高效、稳定的印刷电路板检测系统和方法具有重大的现实意义。本课题在对PCB检孔机的深入研究后,针对该自动光学检测系统对印刷电路板通孔的缺陷检测存在的漏检情况,提出一种可检测PCB钻孔内壁质量的方法,经过计算机的数值模拟,初步验证了该检测方法的可行性。课题研究的主要工作和成果如下：1.首先介绍了课题研究的背景和意义及PCB孔缺陷检测技术国内外研究及应用的现状；2.以PCB钻孔自动光学检测系统为研究对象,深入研究该自动光学检测系统的架构和检测基本原理；3.以待测PCB钻孔为研究对象,研究波束传播法(BPM:Beam Propagation Method)的基本原理,推导出二维、三维波动方程和差分波束传播算法以及运用计算机进行数值模拟的边界值的处理方法。4.运用推导出来的差分格式方程对PCB钻孔内电磁波传播的光场分布进行数值模拟并得到标准孔及待测孔的电磁波传输特性(光强分布图、光强分布曲线和传播常数衰减关系图),通过对电磁波在PCB钻孔内的数值模拟,可以得到电磁波在孔径大小不同、内壁表面均匀粗糙度不同、毛刺等局部粗糙度不同的钻孔内的传输特性也是不同的。以此作为最终判断待测印刷电路板钻孔有无缺陷的依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB for short) is used to install and inserting the base board of electronic components, as long as the existence of electronic components, electrical interconnection between them will be using a printed circuit board. It can be said that the PCB is the basic part of all electronic products; its quality directly affects the performance of electronic products. With the continuous development of technology and continuous improvement of industry, electronic products tend to be lighter, thinner, shorter and smaller, making the PCB direction also towards high-density, fine pitch and low defects. At the same time, the detection technology of PCB in terms of sophisticated, efficient, versatile and intelligent which are also put forward higher requirements. Therefore, Research and development of a kind of accurate, efficient and stable PCB testing method and system has great practical significance.This paper is based on the in-depth study of photoelectric detector for PCB hole machine, aimed at the automatic optical inspection system of PCB drilling defects detection of residual situation, put forward a method of PCB hole wall quality can be detected, through computer numerical simulation, preliminary verify the feasibility of this method.Research of the main work and achievements are as follows:1. The paper firstly introduces the research background and significance of PCB hole defect detection technology at home and abroad present situation of research and application, etc.;2. Make photoelectric detector of PCB drill detection system for the research object, study the automatic optical inspection system architecture and basic principle in-depth;3. Make PCB drilling for test as the research object, research the basic principle of Beam Propagation Method (short for BPM), and deduced the2d and3d wave equation and the finite difference Beam Propagation Method and the method of numerical simulation with computer processing of the boundary value.4. Using the difference scheme of the equation to numerical simulation optical field distribution which wave propagation in the PCB dill, and get the electromagnetic wave propagation properties of the standard hole and the hole under test (light intensity distribution, intensity distribution curve and propagation constant attenuation relationship diagram). By means of numerical simulation of electromagnetic wave in PCB drilling, we can see that electromagnetic wave transmission characteristics are vary from different aperture size and roughness of inside the bore. The electromagnetic wave transmission characteristics can as a final judgment for PCB drilling under test whether there is a defect.更多还原