【作者】 徐静；

【导师】 赵捷；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 社会工作， 2015， 硕士

【副题名】以合肥市某社区为例

【摘要】 随着人口老龄化的加速,中国逐步步入老龄化社会和“未富先老”社会,养老问题已经成为当前中国社会亟需解决的问题。但由于养老模式的变迁、家庭规模的缩小等原因,传统的家庭养老模式以及机构养老模式均不能有效地发挥其作用,结合了传统家庭养老和机构养老优点的居家养老模式应运而生,并且已逐渐成为当前养老模式的新趋势。本文从供给和需求的角度对合肥市某社区实施的居家养老项目进行了深入调查,在分析了该居家养老服务项目供给情况和该社区老年人实际的居家养老服务需求的基础上,了解到该社区中居家养老服务供给和老年人实际需求之间的矛盾与不平衡,进而分析其原因,并给出对策建议。本报告共有五个部分：第一部分为研究概况。首先对居家养老服务进行了概念的界定,而后对研究的背景、研究的意义、研究的理论基础等进行了阐述。其中研究背景包括日益严峻的老龄化趋势、不断变迁的养老模式和居家养老模式的重要作用等；研究意义包括理论意义和现实意义两个方面；而研究的理论基础则包括需求层次理论和社区照顾理论等。第二部分为社区居家养老服务的供给分析。在分析了合肥市居家养老服务的供给内容之后,介绍了被调查社区的居家养老服务的供给情况。第三部分为社区老年人居家养老服务的需求分析。这一部分的需求分析包含了要求服务对象的范围更加扩大化、安全服务的需求较大、精神慰藉的需求量增加、医疗康复和保健服务需求强、日常生活照料的需求差异性大等。第四部分为社区居家养老服务供需不平衡及原因分析。该部分首先介绍了社区居家养老服务供需不平衡的具体体现,如服务需求的多样化与现有服务单一之间的不平衡、服务供给主体单一与服务需求主体多样之间的不平衡、服务对象的限制与庞大的需求人群之间的不平衡、专业人员急需与专业人员缺乏之间的不平衡等等。进而从这些矛盾和不平衡中发现了一些问题和原因,如对居家养老的认识不足、居家养老服务的筹资渠道单一,经费购买力不足、居家养老服务供给主体单一,多元主体参与尚未建立、居家养老服务评估和监督机制不够健全、居家养老服务人员数量不足,职业化和专业化程度缺乏等等。第五部分为完善居家养老服务的对策建议。针对第四部分的原因和问题给出了如提高对居家养老服务的认识、拓展居家养老服务筹资渠道,增加资金的投入、建立多元主体参与的居家养老服务供给机制、建立健全居家养老监督和评估机制、加强居家养老服务的人员队伍建设等对策建议。本文以合肥市某社区为例,分析居家养老现存问题及原因,以期引发思考,从而提升意识、解决问题,为日益严峻的老龄化带来的社会问题提供专业的思路和方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the accelerated aging of the population, China has gradually entered the aging society. China is getting old before it has got rich. Endowment has become an urgent problem in Chinese society currently. The traditional model of family pension and institutional pension model can not effectively play its role because of the changes in the pension model and the reduction of family size. In this case. Home care model which combines the advantages of family pension and institutional pension emerge as the times require and has become a new trend of the current Endowment model.In this paper, the home-based care project in a community in Hefei was carried out in-depth investigations from the perspective of supply and demand. And this article has found the imbalance between home endowment service supply of the community and elderly actual demand for home endowment service on the basis of analyzing the supply situation of home endowment service supply and the elderly actual demand for home endowment service and then found some causes and countermeasures and suggestions.The article is divided into five parts:the first part is research summary. This part gives a clear definition of the concept of home endowment service and then introduce the research background, the significance of the research, the rationale for the study. The research background include the rapid and severe of population’s aging trend, the changes in the pension model, the important role of the home endowment service. The significance of the research contains two aspects, one is the theoretical significance, the other is practical significance. The rationale for the study contains the hierarchy of needs and community care theory.The second part is the analyzing of the home endowment supply of the community. This part introduces the supply content of home endowment of Hefei and then introduce the situation of home endowment in details. The third part is the analyzing of the home endowment demand of elderly people in the community. These demand analysis include expanding the scope of the service object, the greater demand for security services, increased demand for spiritual solace,the stronger demand for medical rehabilitation and health services and the demand differences of daily life care. The fourth part is the imbalance between home endowment supply and demand and the analysis of the reasons for the imbalance. It introduces the embodiment of the imbalance between home endowment supply and demand. The imbalance is reflected in the following aspects, such as the imbalance between diverse service needs and the existing single service, the imbalance between the single main supply and diverse service needs of the subject, the imbalance between the limited service object and the huge needs of the population, the imbalance between urgent need of the professionals and the lack of the professionals and so on. And then the paper found some reasons and problems from these imbalance, such as the lack of awareness of home endowment service, the single financing channel, the lack of home endowment service fund and purchasing power of the fund,the single main supply of the home endowment service and multivariate main body participation has not yet been established, the inadequate t monitoring and evaluation mechanism of the home endowment service, the personnel shortage of home endowment service, the lack of professionals and so on. The fifth part is the countermeasures and suggestions. For the reasons and problems in the fourth part,some countermeasures and suggestions have been proposed.For example, increasing awareness of home endowment service, expanding the financing channels and increasing capital investment, establishing mechanism of multiple.participation, establishing a sound mechanism of monitoring and evaluation, constructing professionals and volunteers team. This paper takes Jingkai community as an example and analysis some problems existing in the home endowment. It aims at setting off thinking about home endowment, raising the consciousness to resolve the problems and providing professional idea and method for resolving the problem of aging population.更多还原