【作者】 殷昊；

【导师】 吴兆亮；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 生物化工， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 为了强化泡沫相排液,选用斜臂泡沫分离塔(斜臂塔),以垂直泡沫分离塔(直臂塔)为对照塔,以离子型表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),以及蛋白类表面活性物质牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和大豆乳清蛋白(WSP)为体系,研究斜臂塔对分离效率的影响,从而探索斜臂塔泡沫分离过程中强化泡沫排液行为。1.对于离子型表面活性剂,随着倾斜角度的增加,富集比先升高后降低,回收率先降低后升高,存在一最佳倾斜角度。CTAB初始浓度为0.07g·L-1,装液量为250mL,气体流量为200mL·min-1时,最佳倾斜角度为40°。SDS初始浓度为0.2g·L-1,装液量为500mL,气体流量为500mL·min-1时,最佳倾斜角度为40°。在最佳倾斜角度下,考察倾斜泡沫相长度对分离效果的影响,CTAB的最佳倾斜长度为650mm, SDS为800mm。2.用斜臂塔分离蛋白类表面活性物质,获得与分离离子型表面活性剂一致的规律。BSA在初始浓度为0.1g.L-1,装液量为250mL,气体流量为300mL·min-1时,最佳倾斜角度为40。。WSP在初始浓度为0.2g·L-1,装液量为400mL,气体流量为300mL·min-1时,最佳倾斜角度为40。。在最佳倾斜角度下,BSA和WSP的最佳倾斜长度均为500mm。3.对于蛋白质溶液,重力是主要排液推动力,而离子型表面活性剂大多是由毛细压力引起的排液作用。倾斜泡沫层对于排液的促进效应对以重力作为主要排液动力的泡沫相体系效果更明显,与液体的流动方向关系不大,因此,蛋白类表面活性物质富集比提高幅度更大。4.随着气速的增大,无论对于直臂塔还是斜臂塔,总体上富集比都有所下降,回收率上升。增大气速,使得气泡在液相主体中的停留时间缩小,没有充足的时间吸附更多的表面活性物质,同时气速增大也使得气泡在泡沫相的停留时间缩短,没有足够时间排掉更多的夹带液体,因而浓度下降。但气速增大使得有更多的气泡得以从塔内吹出,因而回收率上升。综合富集比和回收率两个要素,CTAB的最佳气体流量为200mL-min-1, SDS的最佳气体流量为500mL·min-1, BSA和WSP的最佳气体流量均为300mL·min-1。更多还原

【Abstract】 The inclined foam column (IFC) was adopted for enhancing the foam phase drainage. The vertical foam column (VFC) was used as the contxastive column. The ionic surfactants cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), the protein surfactants bovine serum albumin (BSA) and whey soy proteins (WSP) were used as the model aqueous solution. The effects of the IFC on foam separation efficiency were studied. Furthermore, the behavior of the IFC in enhancing the foam, phase drainage was explored.1. For the ionic surfactants, as the tilt angle increases, enrichment ratio increases first and then decreases. However, recovery percentage decreases and then increases. There is an optimum tilt angle. The optimum tilt angle of CTAB was40°under the conditions of initial concentration0.07g·L-1, loading liquid volume250mL and gas flow200mL·min-1. The optimum tilt angle of SDS was40°under the conditions of initial concentration0.2g·L-1, loading liquid volume500mL and gas flow500mL·mm-1. The effects of the tilt length on foam separation efficiency were studied under the optimum tilt angle. The suitable length of inclined foam phase of CTAB was determined to be650mm and SDS was determined to be800mm.2. Using the IFC, the protein surfactants acquired the same law as the ionic surfactants. The optimum tilt angle of BSA was40°under the conditions of initial concentration0.1g·L-1, loading liquid volume250mL and gas flow300mL·min-1. The optimum tilt angle of WSP was40°under the conditions of initial concentration0.2g·L-1, loading liquid volume400mL and gas flow300mL·min-1. The suitable length of inclined foam phase of BSA and WSP were both determined to be500mm.3. To the protein solution, the gravitational force is the main driving force discharge liquid, and the ionic surfactant is mostly caused by the capillary pressure discharge effect. Tilt foam layer for draining effect on the promotion of the drain by gravity as the main driving force of the bubble phase system is more effective, with little fluid flow direction, therefore, surfactant protein enrichment ratio increased by a big margin,4. Generally, as the gas velocity increases, the enrichment ratio decreases and the recovery rate rises of both the VFC and the IFC. Increasing the gas velocity, the bubbles in the liquid’s residence time in the body are narrow. There has no sufficient time to absorb more surface-active substances, while increasing the gas velocity are also makes bubbles in the foam phase residence time narrow, there has not enough time to drain more entrained liquid, so the concentration decreases. However, increasing the gas velocity makes it more bubbles to blow from the tower, and the recovery increases. Comprehending the enrichment ratio and the recovery rate, the optimum gas flow of CTAB was200mL·min-1, SDS was500mL·min-1, BSA and WSP were both300mL·min-1.更多还原