【作者】 陈洁；

【导师】 张青红；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 材料工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 光催化空气净化技术是目前国内外空气污染治理研究的一个热点，它是以TiO2为催化剂，在室温条件下将空气中的有机污染物和部分无机物光解消除。与传统的空气净化技术相比，光催化空气净化技术具有处理效率高、能耗低、操作简单、无二次污染等优点，因而在空气净化领域具有广阔的应用前景。本论文以消除室内典型污染物甲醛为研究目标，研究内容包括光催化反应器的设计和制造、光催化材料的制备、光催化材料的性能测试，同时对影响光催化材料的性能的因素进行了考察。实验中制备了吸附及光催化双功能柔性的TiO2光催化材料，利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、紫外—可见光分光光度计（UV-VIS）、同步热分析（TG-DTA)等对制备的光催化材料进行了表征。论文的主要工作有：（1）采用悬浮液浸渍提拉的方法在瓦楞纸上制备了同时具有附及光催化功能的TiO2/SiO2/C三元复合催化材料。考察了悬浮液的浓度、镀膜次数、浸渍时间、TiO2/SiO2/C的组成等因素对光催化薄膜性能的影响，并对催化薄膜的粘结性能以及光催化性能进行了分析。结果表明，当悬浮液的浓度为5wt%、镀膜次数为3次、浸渍时间为5s时，能够获得形貌较好的光催化薄膜，当TiO2:SiO2:C的比例为70:20:10时能够获得粘结性能和光催化性能最好的薄膜，在自制的光催化反应测试装置中光照射2h后，对初始浓度为2.23mg/m3的甲醛的去除效率为26.7%。（2）利用溶胶-凝胶法结合静电纺丝技术制备了柔性的光催化TiO2/SiO2纤维薄膜，将此薄膜与活性炭纤维布组装后得到吸附-光催化型自支撑结构的光催化材料。研究了纤维薄膜制备过程中纺丝电压、纺丝速率、Ti:Si比、烧结温度对微观结构、力学性能、光学性能以及光催化性能的影响。纳米纤维原丝在热处理后纤维直径变小，但是仍保持纤维状结构，并且纤维表面光滑无粘连。纤维薄膜在热处理后仍然具有较好的柔韧性和力学性能，热处理后拉伸强度可达到2.09MPa，经过多次弯曲仍能保持原样。对比不同Ti:Si比的TiO2/SiO2纤维膜发现，TiO2:SiO2的比例为2:1时纤维膜的光催化效率最好，经过3个循环后，对初始浓度为10mg/L的亚甲基蓝溶液的去除效率为100%；经过2h光催化后，对初始浓度为2.31mg/m3的甲醛的去除效率为54.4%。当TiO2/SiO2纤维薄膜与活性炭纤维相结合时，在自制的光催化反应测试装置中2h光催化后，对初始浓度为2.30mg/m3的甲醛的去除效率为59.1%，较单一的TiO2/SiO2纤维膜有所提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 The photocatalytic technology of air purification using nanoscale TiO2asphotocatalyst has been a hot spot in the world. Contrast with other conventionaltechniques, nanostructured photocatalytic technology has more advantages such ashigher treatment efficiency, lower energy consumed, more easily controlled, nosecondary pollution etc, so show the wide application prospect in the field of airpurification.The purpose of this thesis is to remove the formaldehyde in indoor air byphotocatalytic oxidation technology. The contents of the research include designingand manufacturing the photocatalytic reactor, the preparation and evaluation ofphotocatalytic materials, improving the efficiency of photocatalytic materials and theanalysis of the influence of different factors on the efficiency of photocatalyticmaterials. We prepared the flexible TiO2photocatalytic materials with adsorption andphotocatalysis functions. The prepared photocatalytic materials were characterized byscanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM),X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-VIS spectrometer (UV-VIS)and etc. for their structureand properties. The research mainly includes the following aspects:(1) TiO2/SiO2/C films were prepared by suspension system and dip coatingmethod on paper, which had adsorption-photocatalytic functions. Suspensionconcentration, coating cycle, dipping time, composition of TiO2/SiO2/C were studiedin order to get good morphology and make the best photocatalysis, try to analysis thebonding performance and the photocatalytic properties of the film. The results showedthat, when the concentration of the suspension was5wt%, coating layer was3, the dipping time was5s, couid obtain better photocatalytic film morphology. Thesuspension was composed of by TiO2, SiO2and C when the quality ratio was70:20:10,could obtain the best bonding and photocatalytic properties which had the highestphotocatalytic efficiency of26.7%when the initial concentration offormaldehyde was2.23mg/m3.(2) At the basis of above study, TiO2/SiO2fibrous membranes were prepared bysol-gel and electrospinning methods, the fibrous membranes combined with activatedcarbon fiber cloth which were self-supporting were adsorption-photocatalyticmaterials.The morphology of samples could be controlled by adjusting the voltage,the injection speed and the humidity. After the heating treatment, the diameters oftheTiO2/SiO2fibrous membranes decreased, but the surface of the fibers retainssmooth and uniform. At the same time, the TiO2/SiO2fibrous membranes present therelatively high tensile strength (2.09MPa), which exhibited no cracks after bendingand recovering process. By comparing different composed of TiO2/SiO2fibermembranes found that when the ratio was2:1, can obtain the best photocatalyticproperties which has the highest photocatalytic efficiency of100%when the initialconcentration of methylene blue was10mg/L after three cycles in the waterpurification illustration. The photocatalytic efficiency was54.4%when the initialconcentration of formaldehyde was2.31mg/L after tow hours in the air purificationillustration.The efficiency was improved to59.1%when combined with activatedcarbon fiber. The adsorption-photocatalytic materials will be widely used.更多还原