【作者】 张弛；

【导师】 陆键；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 交通运营管理措施目前已被越来越多的应用于改善交通环境方面。常用的交通运营管理措施主要是信号控制优化和可变限速值。论文定量研究了不同交通状况下公路限速对交通排放物CO、HC和NOx的影响和所应采取的交通运营管理措施。本文选取了无锡市S342一级公路作为测试对象，综合利用了微观仿真软件VISSIM和由车载排放设备测试数据构建的交通排放模型。VISSIM用来输出不同限速条件下单车的瞬时速度和加速度数据，交通排放模型根据单车的瞬时速度和加速度输出排放数据。现在限速值、单向流量和重车比分别为80km/h、1800vph和20%。限速值的变化区间取[50,90]，步长5km/h，为模拟不同交通状况，流量值的变化区间取[900,3600]，步长900vph，重车比的变化区间取[0%,30%]，步长10%，以单位里程排放量（mg/km）为排放大小衡量标准。研究结果显示，同等限速值下，随着交通流量和重车比的增大，三种污染物排放率呈增大的趋势，另外，存在最优限速值使得三种污染物各自排放最少，且该限速值会随着交通量和重车比的变化而发生变化。针对流量和重车比的变化，采用可变限速控制是最优的交通运营管理措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Traffic operation management measures are increasingly used to improve thetraffic environment now. Control signal optimization and variable speed limit are thecommon traffic operation management measures. This article mainly studied therelationship between speed limits and CO, HC, NOx emission rates under differenttraffic conditions, and the best traffic operation management measures.A test section of S342in Wuxi, China was selected for this study. An integratedmodel was deployed which combined the microscopic traffic simulation modelVISSIM with the emission model established by the data collected from on-boardportable emission measurement system OBEAS-3000. VISSIM recorded thesecond-by-second speed and acceleration of individual vehicle under different speedlimit scenarios as the input data. The emission model output vehicle emissions throughrelating emissions to the instantaneous speed and acceleration of the vehicle. The valueof Speed limit, one-way traffic flow and heavy vehicle percentage is80km/h,1800vphand20%, respectively. Speed limit scenarios were set from50to90km/h at anincrement of5km/h. In order to simulate the different traffic conditions, one-way trafficflow and heavy vehicle percentage scenarios were set from900to3600vph at aincrement of900vph and from0%to30%at a increment of10%, respectively.Distance-based emission rate (mg/km) was used as the performance measure. Thesimulation results showed that, the emission rates of all the three pollutants becamelarger with the increase of traffic flow and heavy vehicle percentage under the samespeed limit value. What’s more, there exists the optimal speed limit value for everypollutant which would result in the least emission rate and the optimal value wouldvary with the changes of traffic flow and heavy vehicle percentage. The variablespeed-limit control is the best traffic operation management measure to get the leastemissions of all the three pollutants.更多还原