我国现阶段企业征信建设研究

【作者】 王毅；

【导师】 蔡江南；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 金融学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 信用是现代市场经济的基石和灵魂,是社会经济秩序得以维持的基本前提。从发达国家经济发展历程看,较为成熟的市场经济体制一般都有一个较为完善的社会信用制度作为基础。从世界范围看,西方发达国家已形成了一系列较为完善的征信立法、征信监管等方面的制度安排,按类型划分大致可分为市场化模式、公共信贷登记模式、会员及寡头垄断模式三种。对于我国而言,考虑征信建设的紧迫性,由政府积极推动在较短时间建立起以信贷征信为主要内容的公共征信模式,这与我国现阶段基本国情是相符的。当然,与发达国家相比,我国企业征信建设同样面临诸多问题：一方面应建立恰当的隐私保护与数据共享机制,正视利益补偿问题；另一方面应建立公开、公平、公正的失信行为公示制度和严厉的失信惩戒机制。从长远发展考虑,还应积极鼓励民营征信机构的发展。通过本文的研究,希望能够回答：企业征信国外如何做?我国目前怎么做,以及为何这么做,是否走对路的问题。再进一步,现阶段我国企业征信建设进展情况及成效如何?能否切实起到防范和降低信用风险的作用?制约其影响作用的因素还有哪些?笔者以商业银行为分析对象,结合参与人民银行企业征信系统建设的切身经历对其应用情况进行研究,并通过内部统计资料对商业银行使用情况进行验证。最后,针对我国征信市场仍然存在法律法规尚不健全、市场秩序混乱、部门职责及权力边界缺乏有效划分等问题,笔者提出了调整完善当前企业征信制度、政策措施的想法及建议,包括征信立法、征信监管、数据共享、数据标准、竞争机制等五个方面。笔者建议将我国企业征信建设分为三个阶段：夯实基础、完善立法；培育需求、加强监管；交流合作、同台竞技。上述阶段目标的逐项实现有助于我国征信业的长期稳定健康发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Credit is the foundation and soul of modern market economy, as well as the precondition for the social and economic order. From the perspective of the economic development of the developed countries, mature market economies usually have a relatively mature social credit system. The western developed countries have already had relatively mature systems regarding credit laws and regulations in place. The systems can be into three types: market-based model, public credit registration and membership model, and oligopoly model. As for China, due to the urgency of building credit system, it is very much in line with our national condition to have the government take a leadership role in building the public credit system.Of course, compared with developed countries, China is facing many problems in building up the credit system of companies:on the one hand, it is imperative to set up appropriate system to protect privacy and share information and study the compensation issues, on the other hand, it is a must to set up an open, fair and just information disclosure system and strict penalty system to expose and punish discredit behaviors. In the long-run, it is necessary to encourage the development of private credit bureaus.This thesis hopes to reveal the international practice of enterprise credit and our practice in China and the reasons behind. Further, the thesis hopes to answer whether the enterprise credit system has any effect, and whether it is effective in preventing and reducing the credit risks. What are the factors limiting the effects of enterprise credit system. The author builds on his personal experience in setting up enterprise credit system along with the People’s Bank of China, and gives an overview of the effects and implications of the enterprise credit system. Apart from that, the author also does empirical study of the effects based on internal statistics and data.In the last part of the thesis, in order to address the issues of laws and regulations, chaotic market order, vague division of labor among different government bodies, the author presents the suggestions to improve current enterprise credit system and policies, including credit laws, regulation, data sharing, standard and competitive mechanism. The author suggests that the whole process of building the enterprise credit system can be divided into three stages:laying down the foundation, improving legislation; cultivating demand, strengthening monitoring; communication, cooperation and competition. The fulfillment of all these goals one by one is contributive to the long-term stable and healthy development of credit industry of China.更多还原