【作者】 王琪；

【导师】 邢玉忠；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 矿业工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着矿井产量及采深的逐步增加,煤层瓦斯涌出量亦不断增大,不少工作面出现了上隅角瓦斯积聚超限现象。因此有必要加强矿井的瓦斯防治管理,采取有效措施抽采瓦斯,为煤矿的安全生产提供安全保障。而对于回采工作面来说,瓦斯抽采和工作面采空区煤自燃的防治是一对矛盾体。如何既能使得采空区瓦斯影响下的上隅角瓦斯含量不超过限制,又能使得采空区落煤和遗煤不发生自燃现象,这就要求对具体情况下的自燃煤层回采工作面进行研究分析,从而找到相应的对策,解决实际问题,为矿井正常安全生产进行有效保证。本文从李雅庄煤矿2-226工作面入手,研究探讨如何治理自然发火煤层回采工作面上隅角瓦斯,在治理上隅角瓦斯抽采的同时,兼顾工作面采空区内的遗煤自燃。该回采工作面采用U型通风,U型通风虽然上隅角瓦斯积聚是必然的,但是治理上隅角瓦斯超限也是可实现的。如何既能使得采空区瓦斯影响下的上隅角瓦斯含量不超限,又能使得采空区落煤和遗煤不发生自燃现象,这就要求对自燃三带尤其是抽采条件下采空区的自燃三带进行划分研究,随后进行抽采孔的科学设计,对其位置、数量及埋管抽放的范围和抽放负压经行进一步的研究改进,在取得较好瓦斯抽采效果的同时,尽量减少抽采对采空区自燃三带的影响。李雅庄矿2-226工作面2#煤层的煤尘具有爆炸危险性；属Ⅱ类自燃煤层。2-226工作面的瓦斯涌出量较大,属于高瓦斯矿井。其中,采空区瓦斯涌出为上隅角瓦斯涌出的主要来源,因此,上隅角瓦斯治理研究的重点是进行采空区瓦斯抽采方法研究。上隅角瓦斯积聚一直是采煤工作面瓦斯治理的难点,本文在对李雅庄煤矿的回采工作面数据进行分析研究后,运用数值模拟、理论分析计算、现场试验等手段详细地分析了采煤工作面瓦斯涌出来源及构成、采动裂隙场分布特征、上隅角瓦斯积聚的原因及规律,在对采场风流及采空区自燃三带分布研究的基础上,针对自然发火煤层U型通风回采工作面上隅角瓦斯治理提出以高位钻场和采空区交错埋管抽采相结合的方法,同时开展了工作面负压考察,合理设计了抽采工艺参数,并对工作面抽采效果及防治煤层自然发火效果进行了相应的考察,制定了自然发火判定依据及相应的防灭火措施,最终得出适合李雅庄矿类似条件工作面的抽采参数。研究确定了以高位钻场和采空区交错埋管抽采相结合的方式,是适合李雅庄煤矿2-226回采工作面进行上隅角瓦斯治理的有效方法。经过研究发现,针对高瓦斯矿井采空区瓦斯抽采条件下煤的自燃发火研究还不是很多,尤其是在瓦斯抽采过程中,如何得到采空区内的漏风规律、氧气浓度分布及瓦斯分布规律,对于瓦斯抽采对采空区自然发火的影响,以及如何减少瓦斯抽采对采空区自然发火的影响还没有成熟的研究成果。本文从李雅庄煤矿2-226工作面入手,研究探讨如何治理自然发火煤层回采工作面上隅角瓦斯,在治理上隅角瓦斯抽采的同时,兼顾工作面采空区内的自燃。本论文形成一套通过研究工作面瓦斯涌出特征和分析采场风流和瓦斯分布规律开展上隅角治理的研究方法,实践证明以高位钻场和交错埋管布置相结合来治理上隅角瓦斯的这项技术克服了单一高位钻场和埋管法的弊端,汲取二者的优点,相互配合,工业性试验验证了该项技术的可行性、有效性和经济性,通过定量控制抽采负压进行抽采优化实现兼顾治理上隅角瓦斯超限和防治采空区煤层自燃的目的,确保工作面安全回采。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the gradually increasing of mine production and mining depth, coal seam gas emission is increasing at the same time; some part of the working face appears transfinite accumulation in upper corner. So, it is very important to strengthen the prevention and management control of coal mine. We should take effective measures to extract gas in order to providing security for the safety production of coal mine. However, preventing and controlling gas extraction and mined-out area coal of working face spontaneous combustion is a pair of contradiction. Then, it must research and analysis working face in spontaneous combustion of coal seam under specific case, finding the corresponding countermeasures, solving practical problems, making sure the safety of normal mine production.In2-226working face of Li Ya Zhuang coal mine, this paper studies on exploring how to governance corner gas of working face in spontaneous combustion coal, while governing corner gas extraction, taking spontaneous combustion in mined-out area into consideration. Though it is inevitable that gas accumulate in upper corner in U-shaped ventilation, governing corner gas overrun is achievable. It must research the three zones division of mined-out area under the condition of extraction, making the working face gas in upper corner not overrun and mined-out area spontaneous combustion does not occur again. So, we can design the location of extraction holes, quantity, scope of buried tube drainage and drainage negative pressure scientifically, achieving a good effect on gas extraction and reducing the influence of extraction of mined-out area’s combustion three zones.In this paper, the author studies on Li Ya Zhuang mine the2#coal seam, the coal dust with explosion risk; the mine is Class II spontaneous combustion coal seam. The gas emission of2-226working face is much bigger, belonging to high gas mine. Gas from mined-out area is the main sources of upper corner gas emission. So gas control in upper corner research will focus on the research on gas extraction method in mined-out area. Gas accumulation in upper corner has been the difficulty of gas control on the coal working face. By using numerical simulation theory analysis and calculation, field test in this paper, it analyzes the gas emission source and composition of the coal working face, distribution characteristics of mining-induced fractures, causes and laws of gas accumulation in upper corner in detail. Based on the study of the wind of the mining area and the spontaneous combustion three zones of mine-out area, in view of controlling gas in upper corner in U-shaped ventilation mining working face of the spontaneous combustion coal seam, it offers the method of combining the extraction of coal seam drilling in high fields and mined-out area buried tube staggered to extract gas. At the same time, it takes measure to check the negative pressure face, optimize the extraction technology parameters, check the effect of the working face extraction, and check the effect of preventing and controlling coal seam spontaneous combustion. It formulates the judgment basis of spontaneous combustion and its corresponding fire prevention measures. Finally, it concluded the working face extraction parameters for Li Ya Zhuang coal mine in similar conditions. It offers the method of combining the extraction of coal seam drilling in high fields and mined-out area buried tube staggered to extract gas, which suits controlling upper corner gas on the2-226coal working face in Li Ya Zhuang coal mine.Research for coal spontaneous combustion under the condition of high-gas coal mine gob gas extraction is not a lot, especially the law that how to get the mined area leakage, the oxygen concentration distribution and gas distribution in gas extraction process, studying the impact on the gas drainage to spontaneous combustion in mined-out area, and the results about how to reduce the impact of gas extraction on spontaneous combustion is not mature. From2-226working face of Li Ya Zhuang coal mine, this paper studies to explore how to governance corner gas of working face in spontaneous combustion coal, while governing corner gas extraction, taking spontaneous combustion in mined-out area into consideration.This paper formed a set of methods to govern the upper corner by studying the emission characteristics of the working face gas, analyzing the flowing of the wind in the stopping and gas distribution rules. It is proved that combined with high drilling field and staggered tube arrangement to govern the upper corner can overcome disadvantages method of the single high drilling field and the buried tubes. This method could draw on the advantages of each other and cooperates with each other. The industrial test proves this method is feasibility, effectiveness and economy of the technology, through quantitative controlling extraction negative pressure extraction optimization to achieve the goal of governing the upper corner, treating and preventing spontaneous combustion of mined-out area, ensuring the safety of stopping working face.更多还原