【作者】 刘娜；

【导师】 高强； 温盛晖；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学 ， 电子与通信工程（专业学位）， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 绝缘子的污闪事故严重危害电网的安全运行，污闪事故发生的主要原因是外绝缘设备的绝缘性能降低。为了有效检测绝缘设备的污秽状态，本文将微波辐射测量理论与工程实际相结合，对污秽测量问题进行了研究。根据微波辐射原理特性，研制了一种新的双通道狄克微波辐射计，该辐射计具有水平、垂直两种极化方式可对污秽进行测量。对辐射计的性能指标进行计算机仿真，完成了指标的测试。通过实验研究获得大量数据，分析了两种极化方式下等值盐密、等值灰密随天线温度的变化关系。结果表明：污秽绝缘子的等值盐密、灰密与天线温度是幂函数关系。通过拟合技术得到经验公式，并对实验测量值与拟合公式进行误差分析，本研究进一步验证利用微波辐射计检测绝缘子污秽是切实可行的，为工程化提供参考。为了将新型辐射计应用于工程实际，建立了微波辐射计及污秽等级辅助判别软件构成的测量系统，实现对绝缘子污秽的不停电、非接触测量，并最终实现了绝缘子污秽等级的判别系统。通过对陶瓷绝缘子和复合绝缘子的人工染污实验检测研究，及对现场绝缘子的实际测量，验证了利用微波辐射计测量绝缘子污秽的可靠性和一致性，解决了困扰绝缘子污秽检测的工作强度大、常规检测不方便、监测时间不够等三大问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Insulator flashover accident seriously endangered the safe operation of the power grid, themain reason for the flashover accident is the reduction insulation performance of external insulationequipment. In order to detect insulator contamination effectively, this paper will combine themeasurement theory of microwave radiation and engineering practice, and the problem ofcontamination measurements is studied.According to the characteristics of microwave radiation, a new dual-channel Dick radiometerhas been developed, which can be used to detect insulator contamination by two polarization modes,horizontal and vertical directions. It completed simulation on the performance of the radiometer bycomputer and the index test. With a large number of data obtained by experiments, the twopolarization modes relationship between ESDD/NSDD and the antenna temperature was researched.The results showed that: the insulator ESDD/NSDD with the antenna temperature is a powerfunction. Calculation formula was obtained by data fitting, and the error was analyzed. This studyprovided a new method of detecting insulator contamination by microwave radiometer.In order to make the new radiometers applied to engineering practice, a microwave radiometerand pollution level discrimination measurement system has been developed, achieved uninterrupted,non-contact measurement of insulator contamination, and finally realized the discrimination systemof insulator contamination grades. Through the research of artificial contaminated test of ceramicinsulators and composite insulators, and the actual measurement of insulators, the reliability andconsistency have been verified by using microwave radiation, solved three major problems as thework intensity of polluted insulator distress detection, detection is not convenient, and monitoringtime is not enough.更多还原