【作者】 李波；

【导师】 李天鹰；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪90年代后，许多国家在赞成择校与反对择校的争论声中将推行择校作为实现教育公平的一种重要的措施，使之得以广泛推进。而我国长期以来的义务教育阶段基本入学政策一直是“公办不择校，择校找民办”。该政策在执行过程中不仅没有很好地得到落实，反而成为十八届三中全会报告中的“难题”。针对该政策的合法性、合理性，存在择校的问题的主要原因,我们必须加以反思。我们可以考虑将免费择校合法化、合理化,使就近入学与免费择校协调推进。区、县政府要成立招生工作领导小组；由学校主持，社区、家长委员会、相关公安派出所、房管所等多方参加的招生工作组；由人大、政协、纪检监察人员、新生家长代表参加的监察组。区、县政府在做好顶层设计、促进义务教育均衡发展、推进特色学校建设等工作的同时，实行“阳光招生”，即：按照学校的规模大小、标准学额来划定与适龄儿童数量相适应的招生区域，并公开学校招生的划片范围；义务教育学校无条件接收对应片内的适龄儿童、少年入学；各义务教育学校在满足片内学生的需求后，将剩余的指标向社会公开，按照公平的原则面向招生区域外、本区县内的提出申请入学的学生公开招生，额满为止。最后，再实行阳光分班，完善转学制度，公示转学详单。学校要建立完善的信息发布查询系统，为家长提供信息服务，接受社会监督，以逐步解决择校难题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the nineties of20thcentury, many countries argued for an issue: whether toapprove of the school choice or not. Amid the controversy, the school choice wasboosted as an important way to achieve the education equity. However, in our country,“Public school without school choice. It just for private school.” was a long-termbasic policy in state-run primary school during compulsory education. Not only didthis policy executed failed, but became a problem during the Third Plenary Session ofour Party’s Eleventh Central Committee. We must reflect on the rationality andlegality of this policy, and the main reasons of the issue about school choice.We could consider making the school selection become more reasonable andlegal to push the nearby enrollment and school selection develop coordinated. Thegovernments of districts and counties shall establish an enrollment task leading group;an enrollment work group, hosted by school, community, parent committee, relevantpolice station, housing management office and other parties; a supervision group,hosted by NPC, CPPCC, discipline inspection and supervision personnel, andrepresentatives of freshmen’s parents. It also shall do well at completing top-downdesign, promoting compulsory education develop balanced and propellingcharacteristic school building, at the same time implement the transparent enrollment:delimit the enrollment area on the basis of existing scholastic scale and the quantitiesof child who is age-appropriate, then open the school’s coverage; child who is withinthe limits of area is unconditional to be entitled to the right: studying in thecompulsory education school and the school can’t reject; after contenting the demandof the students who is within the limits of area, the school should open the surplusquota and use a fair procedure to deal with the remaining indexes and accept thestudents who is outside of the area but within the districts and had applied. The laststeps including: implement the transparent classes’ divided; perfect schooltransferring system; publicize the details of single that who had transferred.Establishing an impeccable information query system to provide information servicefor parents, and receiving supervision are indispensable ways to solve the problems ofschool selection step by step.更多还原