【作者】 王璐；

【导师】 梅宁；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 工程热物理， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国不断加强对海洋环境监测的重视，对水下环境监测仪器设备的需求日益增加,而水下环境监测仪器设备大多工作时间长，功耗大，因此水下环境监测仪器的电能补充问题也成为了一个亟待解决的难题。需要一种持久的、环保的、低成本的新方式来取代传统的电池供电方式。海流能正是这样一种适用于给海洋环境监测设备供电的能源，基于上述情况，本文根据海流能的特点，设计出一种适用于潜标供电的发电机。进行理论分析和实验研究，对其进行结构参数分析，提高发电效率。旋转磁场海流发电装置的作用是将海流能转化为电能，它的工作原理是：海水以一定的速度流入装置，海流经过叶轮作用在叶片上，形成转矩，使叶轮转动。叶轮转动的同时带动叶轮表面的永磁体也随之转动，形成一个旋转的磁场。线圈与磁场间有相对运动，线圈切割磁感线，产生感应电动势，从而产生电流。装置采用内部贯通的结构，平衡进出口的压力，有效的解决了现有传统潮流能发电装置在水下压力过大的问题，减少了流速变化产生的影响。其次，该装置无传动系统，直接叶轮带动磁铁转动，解决了传统水平轴潮流能发电装置传动系统柔性差、易损坏的缺点。通过对装置的理论分析与试验研究，可以得到结论该海流发电装置具有可行性。旋转磁场发电装置的输出功率与线圈的形状、大小、匝数等参数有关，发电装置的功率均随线圈匝数的增加先增大后减小；线圈形状对装置功率影响不大。当线圈的内径略小于永磁体的直径时，发电装置的输出功率最大。旋转磁场发电装置输出功率随水流速度的增大而增大。采用多排线圈与磁铁可以大幅提高发电装置的功率，当采用3排交错线圈与磁铁时，预计可使旋转磁场发电装置的功率提高到10mW级。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increases of our emphasis on the marine environment monitoring, thedemand for the underwater environment monitoring equipment is increasing. Most ofthe underwater environment monitoring equipment need to work for a long time, andhas high power consumption. Therefore the energy supplementary of the underwaterenvironmental monitoring equipment has become a pressing problem. We need to findnew way which is long-lasting, environmentally friendly and low-cost to replace thetraditional supplement. Currents is just such kind of energy which can supply powerto marine environmental monitoring equipment. Based on the above, this paper designa suitable buoy powered generators according to the characteristics of the oceancurrent energy. Theoretical analysis and experimental research have been carried on toimprove power generation efficiency.The effect of rotating magnetic field current generator is converting the currentenergy to electricity. Its working principle is: the water flows into the device at acertain speed, and the current impact on the blade, forms a torque, and the impellerrotates. Permanent magnets on the surface of the impeller are rotating with theimpeller rotating, and it forms a rotating magnetic field. The coil cutting magneticinduction line, generate the induced electromotive force. Device adopts in-sitestructure to balance the pressure of the import and the export. It can effectively solvethe problem of over-pressure of the existing traditional ocean current generator under the water, and it also can reduce the impact of changes of the velocity. Second, thedevice has no transmission system, and the magnet rotating driven directly byimpeller. It can overcome some shortcomings of the traditional horizontal axis powertransmission system, such as having poor flexible, easy to be damaged.It can be concluded that the ocean current power plant is feasible, throughanalysis and experimental study of the device. The output power of the rotatingmagnetic field generating device is influenced by the shape, size, number of turns ofthe coils and other parameters: the power first increases and then decreases with theincrease of the number of coil turns; the power of generator has little relationship withthe shape of the coil. The power is higher when the inner diameter of the coil isslightly smaller than the diameter of the permanent magnet. The power of rotatingmagnetic field generator increases with increase of the flow rate. The power can beimproved significantly when using multi-row coil and the magnet. The powergenerating device can be increased to10mW level, when using three staggered rowsmagnet and coil.更多还原