服务型政府的合法性资源获取及能力提升

【作者】 蒋丽萍；

【导师】 赵晖；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 行政管理， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国社会转型的全面推进,政府应该根据时代的发展要求进行行政体制改革,转变政府职能和转变工作重心以推动社会更好的发展。由管制型政府向服务型政府的转变,是社会转型背景下我国行政体制改革的内在要求。因此,对“服务型政府”及其相关问题进行研究,不仅对政府行政理论研究的发展,而且对于我国行政体制改革与政府模式转型的实践探索,都是具有重要的积极意义的。本文尝试从政府获取合法性资源的角度来探讨我国服务型政府构建的相关问题,主要是基于这样的考虑：合法性是一个组织或执政当局得以存在的前提和保障,而政府作为最重要的公共组织,对于合法性的追求就更为重要了。服务型政府作为当前我国政府行政模式转型的目标取向,自然而然也会面临一个合法性问题。学术界关于服务型政府的研究虽然十分广泛,但是对于服务型政府的合法性问题研究却很少。而且时代背景不同,具体的政府模式所需的合法性资源及其获取的路径也不同。所以,本文研究的目标就是尝试通过这方面的努力,为我国构建服务型政府提供可借鉴的理论素材。第一章将服务型政府置入一个宏观的历史视野。先介绍政府与行政的概念,再说明从传统农业社会的“统治型政府”到工业社会的“管理型政府”再到后工业社会的“服务型政府”的政府行政模式的历史演变,对服务型政府模式兴起的历史与逻辑做一个详细的梳理,以揭示我们构建服务型政府的历史必然性。在此基础上,继续对服务型政府的概念、特征等相关问题做一个概述,以期形成对“服务型政府”的整体性把握。第二章首先介绍西方合法性理论的发展,主要是规范主义合法性理论、经验主义合法性理论以及重构性合法性理论,并以此为理论基础,结合我国的实际情况,对政治合法性做一个概念的界定。接着本章将对政府合法性资源的内涵、类别、重要性、流失以及合法性危机做一个阐述,为下文探讨合法性资源的获取问题做准备。第三章采取对比研究的方法,先简要阐述一下统治型政府和管理型政府在获取合法性资源时所采取的途径,以此为参照系,对我国构建服务型政府时在对合法性资源获取方面进行理论探索,具体包括：从职能定位、价值取向、目标选择三个方面探讨服务型政府获取合法性资源的依据,服务型政府获取合法性资源的动态性、系统性、多样性等特征,最后探讨我国构建服务型政府时获取合法性资源的路径选择。第四章是提升服务型政府的合法性资源获取能力。服务型政府合法性资源获取能力问题是对于政府自身来说的,这关系到政府自身在获取与维护其合法性资源问题上的自觉性问题,也往往是政府自身容易忽视的一个问题。所以本章先探讨服务型政府获取合法性资源能力的构成要素,然后探索一些提升服务型政府合法性资源获取能力的措施,为我国服务型政府获取合法性资源的能力构建提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the social transformation is extensively carried out in China, it is the inherent requirement for the government to transform from "Controlling Government" to "Service Government" to promote a better social development. Therefore, research on "Service Government" and related issues will not only benefit theoretical development of government administration, but also flourish the practices in the reform of China’s administrative mode.This paper will research the "Service Government" from the perspective of how government acquiring its legitimacy. As the goal of Chinese administrative transformation, the "Service Government" also has to deal with the issue of legitimacy. However, there is only little research on the issue of legitimacy among the existing extensive research on "Service Government" and the government’s legitimacy and its access differs in different times. This paper would like to try to provide some theoretical support in the forming of the "Service Government" in ChinaThe first chart begins with the introduction of the concepts of "government" and "administration" and then describes the chronological development from the "Ruling Government" in agricultural society to the "Controlling Government" in industrial society to the "Service Government" in post-industrial society. By combing the historical development of the "Service Government", the paper reveals definite historical necessity of the construction of the "Service Government". Based on this, the paper further elaborates the concept, characteristics and other related issues on the "Service Government" to give a whole picture.The second chart first introduces the theoretical development of legitimacy in western society, including normative legitimacy theory, empirical legitimacy theory and reconstructive legitimacy theory. Based on this, the paper defines the "legitimacy" in Chinese context. Then, the paper explains the contents, categories, importance, outflow and crisis of governmental legal resource.The third chart uses the methodology of comparison to contrast different ways of acquiring resources between the "Ruling Government" and the "Controlling Government". Using this for reference, the paper explores the theories of acquiring legal resource for "Service Government" in China. It discusses the foundation of acquiring legal resource for the "Service Government" from the perspectives of function orientation, value orientation and target selection of the " Service Government" and depicts its characteristics like its dynamic, systematic diversified characteristics. Finally, it talks about the path selection for Chinese "Service Government" to acquire legal resource.The fourth chart is about improving the service government’s ability to acquire its legal resource. The issue of ability is more about the government itself and its own awareness, but it is often neglected by the government. By analyzing some potential form factors on the service government’s ability under the existing condition and providing some referential experience to improve the ability, the paper attempts to give some suggestions to improve the service government’s ability in China.更多还原