论中国根本违约制度的完善

【作者】 李琳；

【导师】 薄燕娜；

【作者基本信息】 中国政法大学 ， 比较法学， 2014， 硕士

【副题名】以《欧盟共同买卖法》草案为视角

【摘要】 2011年11月欧盟委员会向欧洲议会和欧盟理事会提交了《欧洲共同买卖法》(以下简称CESL)草案。随着欧盟政治经济一体化不断的加强,私法进一步协调和不断趋同已经为欧盟私法发展的一个重要趋势。CESL草案正是顺应欧盟私法统一的趋势而提出,是欧盟私法一体化的一个重要的里程碑。这一草案作为欧盟私法立法的一个崭新成果,它在一定程度上体现了买卖法中的各法律制度在国际上的最新发展趋势,值得我们去探究和分析。本文从买卖法纷繁复杂的法律问题中选择违约制度来研究,原因有二：其一,根本违约制度最早源于英国法,后在《联合国货物销售买卖合同公约》(以下简称CISG)中被正式确定下来,已经得到很多国家的认可；而CESL也采纳了根本违约制度,并且对根本违约制度有了新的发展。其二,我国《合同法》虽然也从根本上承认根本违约,但是并没有将根本违约制度化,本土化,需要进一步完善,而CESL作为一部欧盟的优秀立法,可以为我国法律的完善提供借鉴。本文主要研究根本违约制度在草案中新的发展,再根据我国的具体情况,探析CESL对我国根本违约制度的完善所起到的借鉴作用。本文除引言和结论外,主体分成三个部分。第一部分是探析CESL对根本违约定义的规定,通过对相关规定的合理性分析以及对我国《合同法》中根本违约的定义评价,建议我国在法律中明确根本违约的概念,建立一个完善的根本违约制度。第二部分是对CESL根本违约形态的规定进行分析,确定违约形态规定的重要性,再对我国的相关规定进行评价以及提出在《合同法》中明确规定违约形态的立法建议。第三部分是对CESL中根本违约下最重要的救济途径一合同解除进行分析,然后建议我国学习CESL的立法模式,建立与根本违约制度相对应的、完善的合同解除制度。更多还原

【Abstract】 In November2011, the European Commission presented a draft "Common European Sales Act"(hereinafter referred to as CESL) to the European Parliament and the European Council. With the EU’s political and economic integration has strengthened further harmonization of private law and the growing convergence of private law has been an important trend for the development of the EU. The draft CESL was in keeping with the trend of the EU proposed, is an important milestone in the integration of the European private law. As an outcome of the draft new EU legislation of private law, which to some extent reflects the latest trends in the various trading law in the international legal system, it is worth us to explore and analysis.This paper select the fundamental breach of the contract from complicated legal issues to study for two reasons:one is that, the fundamental breach of the contract was originated from Britain and was formally identified in CISG, has been recognized by many countries; the CESL has also adopted this system and developed it. The second reason is, China’s Contract Law fundamental recognize this system, but it need to be improved, and CESL is a good example to learn. This article is main to study the new development system of fundamental breach in the CESL draft, and continue to study, if we can learn its legislative approach.In addition to the introduction and conclusion of this article, the body is divided into three parts.The first part is to study CESL’s provisions of fundamental breach and to evaluate the definition in it, then to provide legislative proposals for shortcomings of relevant regulations in our Contract Law, and suggest clearly regulate the concept of fundamental breach to establish a perfekt system in the law.The second part is to analyze the fundamental breach form in CESL and find the importance to provide the form, and then to suggest a clear definition of the fundamental breach form in our Contract Law. The third part is to analyze the most important remedies for fundamental breach of the contract-the rescission of the contract, and then suggest learn the legislative model in CESL, to establish a corresponding rescission of the contract system of fundamental breach in law.更多还原