【作者】 陈娜；

【导师】 苗常青；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 工程力学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 充气舱体采用柔性复合材料构建，可柔性折叠，折叠效率高，可在轨充气展开为更大体积的空间舱体。充气舱体在轨充气展开、运行、变轨以及姿态调整过程中所受的外力作用，会引起舱体的振动，导致舱体结构的疲劳损坏和密封性降低，因此，充气舱体结构的振动特性分析及减振设计对提高其在轨运行的安全性和可靠性至关重要。本文所研究的充气舱体由多层充气囊体组成，各囊体之间由环形充气支撑桁架相连接，充气囊体和环形充气桁架由柔性复合材料（包括碳纤维环氧复合材料、芳纶环氧复合材料）制成，入轨充气展开后刚化成为刚性舱体结构。舱体在在展开过程中及刚化后都会受到充气压力、变轨及姿态调整的推力作用，导致舱体的变形及振动。充气舱体的结构形式、尺寸及柔性复合材料刚化前后的性能等都是影响其振动特性的关键因素。首先，对柔性复合材料刚化后力学性能进行了实验研究，利用拉伸实验机测试了柔性复合材料拉伸性能，利用动态力学分析仪测试了材料粘弹性能及其随温度的变化规律。其次，研究了充气舱体在不同充气压力下受力变形特性，研究了舱体直径、壁厚等结构尺寸对充气舱体受力变形特性及承压能力的影响规律，并进一步研究了充气舱体的振动特性，分析了充气囊体结构尺寸（内囊壁厚、外壳壁厚）、支撑框架形式、支撑框架结构尺寸等结构参数对舱体结构振动特性的影响规律。最后，对复合材料充气舱体的振动衰减特性进行了研究，研究了不同材料对舱体振动衰减特性的影响，提出了充气舱体支撑桁架的阻尼层减振设计思路，研究了阻尼层不同位置对舱体振动衰减特性的影响规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 Inflatable cabin was made of flexible composite material, which could befolded easily with high level. It could be inflated to a lager cabin on orbit. Theexternal force resulted from inflating, orbiting, and attitude control could cause thevibration of the cabin. The cabin vibration would lead to damaging the cabin.Accordingly, the vibration and attenuation characteristics of the inflatable compositecabin were very important for the cabin’s safety and reliability on orbit.Inflatable cabin could be divided into three parts: internal capsule, support trussand external shell. The Internal capsule and external shell were jointed by supporttruss. The inflatable cabin’s structure, size and characteristics of composite materialused in the cabin were the key factors influenting the cabin’s vibrationcharacteristics. This paper had carried on experimental research on the compositemechanical properties. The tensile properties of the flexible composites was testedusing the tensile testing machine, while the composites viscoelastic characteristicand its variation law with temperature using Dynamic Mechanical Analysis. It wasinvestigated of the deformation characteristics of the cabin under different inflationpressure. Further more, the influence of the cabin diameter and wall thickness on itsbearing capacity was calculated.The cabin’s vibration characteristic was analyzed, while the influence of the thesize and the form of the capsule was taken into account, including the wall thicknessof the internal capsule and the external shell, the form of support frame and theframe’s size. Based on the expermental results of the composites’ viscoelasticcharacteristic, the cabin’s attenuation characteristics and its variation law withdifferent material properties were analyzed. Put forward, a damping layer set in thesupport frame tube wall was designed to attenuate the canbin’s vibration.Accordingly, the influence of the damping layer’s location in the support frame onthe cabin’s attenuation characteristics was analyzed.更多还原