【作者】 马静；

【导师】 张勤；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 市政工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 自《京都议定书》订立以来，“碳交易”逐渐在全球范围内兴起。作为发展中国家我国从2012年开始承担温室气体减排义务，平均到各行各业的CO2减排量是巨大的。因此，发展新技术，节约能源，减少CO2排放量的任务迫在眉睫。建筑业作为耗能大业承担了减排的巨大份额，发展绿色建筑已经成了建筑业发展的一种趋势。提出以CO2排放量为指标，采用排放系数法对CO2进行量化，并对绿色建筑给排水系统CO2排放量分给水系统、热水系统、中水回用系统和雨水利用系统四个方面进行了计算研究，确定不同给排水系统CO2排放量的阈值。首先，在对给水系统CO2排放量的研究中，通过优化用水定额得出较接近实际用水情况的用水定额，为设计阶段设备及材料的计算与选型提供更为合理的数值，分析提出不同给水方式下能量消耗及CO2排放量的计算方法，比较得出CO2排放量最大和最小的一种方式，确定绿色建筑中CO2排放阈值。同时，介绍四种节水措施，并提出相应的节水量化方法，对后期使用过程中的节水进行量化，当给水方式确定后，可以得出因水量节约而减少的CO2排放量。其次，在对热水系统CO2排放量的研究时，分局部热水供应系统和集中热水供应系统两个方面，确定不同形式水加热器CO2排放量计算方法，计算得出不同形式水加热器CO2排放量，最终确定热水系统CO2排放阈值。再次，在对绿色建筑中水系统开发时，要确定中水系统水量平衡关系，得出采用中水系统后节省的自来水量和减少的污水排放量。按排放系数法计算中水系统因节省自来水量和减少污水排放量而减少的CO2排放量，并分析中水处理流程中每个环节的耗电量，折算为CO2排放量。最终按二者之差得出中水回用系统中总的CO2排放量或CO2减排量。最后，在对绿色建筑雨水系统开发时，采用各种雨水收集利用技术，最大限度的增加雨水下渗，减少雨水径流量，同时对径流雨水进行收集，回用于景观用水。得出平均每日雨水利用系统因节省自来水量而减少的CO2排放量，同时，计算雨水在处理过程中的耗电量，折算为CO2排放量。最终，得出雨水利用系统中总的CO2排放量或CO2减排量。另外，参考台湾地区建筑绿化总CO2固定基准公式，同时根据《绿色建筑评价标准》中对住宅建筑绿地率的要求，提出大陆绿色建筑绿化总CO2固定基准量计算公式，计算绿色园区内植物在40年间CO2固定总量及平均每日CO2固定量。更多还原

【Abstract】 "carbon trading" gradually rise on a global scale since the conclude of Kyotoprotocol. Our country signed the protocol since May1998and starting to undertakeemission reduction obligations in2012. Assigned to all walks of life the amound toreduce carbon dioxide emissions are huge. Therefore, the task of developing newtechnology, saveing energy and reducing carbon dioxide emissions is imminent. As ahuge energy industry, construction bears a huge share of the emission reduction.Developing green building has become a trend in the development of constructionindustry.This paper puts forward to CO2emissions as an index, using discharge coefficientmethod to quantify the CO2emission coefficient, and feeding water system, hot watersystem, reclaimed water recycle system and rainwater utilization system four aspects,computing research CO2emissions of green building water supply and drainage system,determining the different threshold value of the water supply and drainage system ofCO2emissions.First of all, in the study of water supply system’s CO2emissions, to obtain thewater quota which are close to the actual situation by optimizing the specification waterquota, providing a more reasonable value for the design phase calculation and selectionof equipment and materials,Analysising the calculation method of energy consumptionand CO2emissions in different water supply method,comparing the maximum andminimum way of CO2emissions,determining the threshold of CO2emissions in thegreen building. At the same time, introduced four kinds of water saving measures, andproposed the corresponding water-saving quantitative method, to quantify the savingwater in the future, when water supply mode is determined, CO2emissions reductionscan be concluded that because of water saving.The second, in the study of hot water supply system’s CO2emissions, hot watersupply system can be divided into the local hot water supply system and the centralizedhot water supply system two parts to research, determining different CO2emissionscalculation methods of a variety of water heater, calculating CO2emissions, finalydeterming the threshold on CO2emissions.Once agine, on the development of reclaimed water in the green building system,analyzing the water balance, concluding the amound of tap water saving and wasterwater emission recuctions of reclaimed water system. According to the dischargecoefficient methods to calculate the corresponding CO2emissions, analysis of the powerconsumption of each link in the water treatment process, and converted into CO2emissions. Finally according to the subtraction concluding CO2emissions or CO2emission reductions of reclaimed water system.In the end, on the development of reclaimed water in the green building system,using a variety of rainwater utilization technology, maximum increase rainwaterinfiltration, reducing rainwater runoff, and at the same time collect runoff rainwater,reuse to landscape water. Concluded CO2emission reductions that because of watersaving, at the same time, calculate power consumption of rainwater treatment project,and converted into CO2emissions. Finally, concluding CO2emissions or CO2emissionreductions of rainwater utilization system.In addition, this article refer to total greening CO2fixed benchmark formula ofTaiwan buildings, and at the same time, according to the demand of greening rate fromthe green building evaluation standard,put forward to total greening CO2fixed referencequantity calculation formula of green building, calculating total CO2fixation in40yearsand average daily CO2fixation of green plants in the park.更多还原