【作者】 罗杨；

【导师】 颜海波；

【作者基本信息】 四川师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2014， 硕士

【副题名】以四川宜宾为例

【摘要】 近年来，由于奥林匹克的本质在社会发展中更加凸显，人们开始更加关注以增强体质、意志和精神并使之全面均衡发展的体育运动途径，群众体育受到人们青睐。而体育的发展离不开体育人才的支撑，体育后备人才作为体育人才的后盾，其培养在经历了以运动员培养为主的阶段应逐步转变为体育管理、体育教育、运动员、体育爱好者等多样人才的时期，多样化的体育后备人才需求正扑面而来。另一方面由于多年来以竞技体育为主的三级训练网体育后备人才培养模式，受到了前所未有的冲击，许多青少年的家长已经因为看不到其出路，已经不愿送至体校进行训练，因此体委系统面临招生困难，青少年体育后备人才严重短缺的现象。体教结合是1980年后国家为解决以体委系统培养青少年体育后备人才培养受阻的大方针，逐步转变为以教育为主的培养模式，力在解决青少年体育后备人才文化知识缺乏，解决学习和训练之间的矛盾，而从整体来看，“体教结合”模式的发展仍存在大量问题，始终还是以侧重体育而忽视教育，导致“体教结合”走偏。以宜宾为例的有部分地区，已走出这一困境，以教育为主线来发展青少年体育后备人才，逐步出现了“教体结合”模式，让体育回归了教育。宜宾在近年来青少年体育后备人才的培养中成绩较为突出，竞技比赛水平、体育学生学习成绩、校园体育文化等得到了较大提升，初步实现了体育与教育“并轨”发展。本文为了了解宜宾市体育和教育结合发展的状况，以及模式的具体方法，找出值得借鉴和推广的经验，作了实地调查研究。采用文献资料法对本研究涉及的多个方面进行归纳，作好理论依据的基础和人才分层的铺垫，采用问卷调查法、专家访谈法、实地考察法对宜宾市青少年体育后备人才的培养情况进行深入的了解，对其历程和培养出的成果进行梳理，对其培养模式的政策支持和培养具体方法进行详细归纳，通过数量统计法对得出的结果进行详细分析，从研究中得出的结果、结论是：1、宜宾市教育和体育相结合培养青少年体育后备人才的模式在提高后备人才的运动能力和学习上都有显著成绩，在于其训练系统向教育系统不断靠拢。科学安排训练，注重青少年文化知识学习，是政策支持和具体措施的方针导向。2、宜宾市培养的青少年体育后备人才可对应到人才分层的需求中去，针对天才、人才、爱好者，向适应多类型人才培养进发，以教体相结合来培养出职业运动员、未来的职业教练员和体育管理者、普通教练和体育教师及大众体育参与者，为体育事业发展的贡献者。3、宜宾市以解决人才出路为“教体结合”模式稳定发展奠定基石。宜宾市教体结合模式从一味运动训练转变为学、训均衡发展，使体育学生能学习到文化知识，又能提高运动能力，成为宜宾家长将孩子送到运动队参训的最大动力，有利于优秀人才的不断供给。4、宜宾市将解决学训矛盾作为真正实现教体结合的关键。宜宾市解决学训矛盾的主要采取以下方法，一是通过协调安排科学的训练和学习时间，建立起了实施科学训练的制度保障；二是构建针对性的评价体系；三是通过班主任和教练员在平时向体育学生灌输文化知识和运动训练一样重要的思想；四是采用关注辅导和定期辅导补课的互动方式对体育学生的学习辅导。这样的方法在体育学生的思想、切实的学训时间、制度的保障上给予了教体结合长远发展的条件。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, due to the nature of the Olympics is more prominent in socialdevelopment, people’s attention to the sport and its role is not just to show through sports, andmore that enhance the comprehensive and balanced development of the human body, will andmind and make one way of life formed a mass sports by people of all ages. The developmentof sports talent is inseparable from the support of sports, sports reserve talents as sports talentbacking, its culture has experienced athletes train with the main stage and gradually intosports management, physical education, athletes, sports enthusiasts and other diverse talentsperiod, and its diverse needs of sports reserve talents are blowing. On the other hand due tocompetitive sports for many years dominated the three training network sports reservepersonnel training mode, by the unprecedented impact that parents have a lot of young peoplecan not see their way out, has been reluctant to the sports school for training ThereforeAdmissions Committee and the system is facing difficulties, a serious shortage of youth sportsreserve talents phenomenon.Combination of physical education is a national body appointed to resolve to develop thesystem in1980after guiding principle Youth Sports Reserve Talents blocked, and graduallytransformed into education-oriented training model, the reserve force in youth sports andcultural knowledge to solve the shortage of talent, learning and training to solve contradictionbetween, and from our whole,"Combination " development model number of problems stillexist, and it is still to focus on sports while ignoring education, resulting in "Combination "easy road. And there are some areas that have come out of this dilemma, the main line ofeducation to develop youth sports reserve talents, and thus the gradual emergence of a "combination of education " model, so sports return to education.Yibin for Talented Youth Sports Training, using the typical " combination of education "model, one will focus on personnel training in ordinary schools, in this model, the development of student-athletes not only get a good professional in sports, both selection ofnew members to the provincial team a chance to be the national team, but also in theprovince after graduating from high school or successfully enter prestigious universities in thecountry to learn directly affect future employment growth. In recent years, Yibin in the cultureof youth sports reserve talents more prominent achievements. Sports, athletics, especially thethree weak domestic sphere, Yibin City youth basketball and football scores, Sichuan hasconsistently ranked in the forefront; while the campus sports culture Chengxun affected byathletic talent in school, and create a good sports school students exercise and sports learningatmosphere.Through literature on various aspects involved in the induction papers, preparetheoretical foundation and talent layered bedding, through questionnaires, expert interviews,field visits and cultured case of Yibin City youth sports reserve talents in-depth understandingof its history and detailed finishing train results, summarized in detail the specific policies tosupport training mode method and its culture through logical analysis, the number ofstatistical methods to carry out a detailed analysis of the results obtained from the studyconcluded that:1. Yibin City of combining education and sports training youth sports reserve talentsTalented mode on improving athletic ability and learning has remarkable achievements in itstraining system ever closer to the educational system. Science and arrange for the training,knowledge and learning focused on youth culture is oriented principles and specific policysupport measures.2. Yibin Talented youth sports culture may correspond to the needs of personnel stratifiedgo for genius, talent, fans, personnel training to adapt to many types of marching to combineeducation with professional athletes to develop a future career coach members and sportsadministrators, coaches and physical education teachers and the general public sportsparticipants, contributors to the development of sports.3. Yibin way to solve the manpower to "teach binding" model and stable developmentlaid the cornerstone. Yibin combination of education paradigm shift from blindly sportstraining school, training balanced development, so that students can learn the sport andcultural knowledge, but also improve athletic ability, parents send their children to becomeYibin sports teams participating in the training of maximum power, in favor of continuous supply of talents.4. Yibin City will address learning and training as a key to realize the contradiction ofEducation binding. Yibin City, learning and training to resolve conflicts mainly adopt thefollowing methods, one by coordinating arrangements for scientific training and learning time,and establish a system to protect the implementation of scientific training; second is to buildtargeted evaluation system; Third, through teacher and trainer in peacetime instill culturalknowledge and exercise training is as important as the idea ofthe sports students; fourthconcern is the use of counseling and remedial tutoring interact regularly in sports studentlearning counseling. Such a method on the protection of sports student thinking, practicallearning and training time to teach the system to give a binding long-term development of thecondition.更多还原