【作者】 黄洁；

【导师】 王乃华；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 动力工程（专业学位）， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 阿尔法磁谱仪(Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer, AMS)利用外太空所独有的空间环境进行大型粒子物理实验的实验装置。设备需要在合适的温度下才能保持良好的工作状态,因此热控制系统是阿尔法磁谱仪不可或缺的重要组成部分。本文以阿尔法磁谱仪真空仓热控制系统环路热管的蒸发器和补偿室为研究对象,对其启动进行模拟研究。探讨有效热导率、孔径、渗透率、孔隙率等因素对并联热管启动的影响。具体工作如下：首先,介绍了阿尔法磁谱仪的实验科学背景和科学目标,同时介绍了阿尔法磁谱仪真空仓的热控制系统。阿尔法磁谱仪每台低温冷却器的两只热管为并联冗余设计,共享一个热源。在启动过程中,两只并联热管可能不会同时启动。启动较早的热管蒸发器温度下降,会携带较多热负荷,另一只热管甚至因而不再启动。热管的启动主要有四种工况：第一,蒸发器内无气态工质；第二,蒸发器内无液态工质；第三,蒸发器内只有蒸汽槽道存在气态工质；第四,蒸发器内只有进液管道存在气态工质。本文建立的物理模型是基于第一种工况,也是最难启动的工况之一。建立环路热管蒸发器和补偿室的物理模型,划分结构性网格,编写了相应的UDF,导入FLUENT软件进行数值模拟。得到了不同毛细芯结构、毛细芯导热系数、接触热阻和孔隙率下环路热管蒸发器和补偿室温度场,分析了不同因素对热管启动的影响。发现热负荷、毛细芯结构以及接触热阻对环路热管启动影响较大,而孔隙率对环路热管(启动初始情况为蒸发器内工质全部为液体的状态)影响几乎没有。随着热负荷的增加,热管的启动时间逐步缩短。主副毛细芯结构相比单毛细芯结构更有利于环路热管的启动,表现为启动时间缩短。首次探讨了接触热阻对环路热管启动的影响接触热阻分为两部分,分别是蒸发器鞍座与低温冷却器的热阻和蒸发器鞍座与蒸发器壁面的热阻。两个热阻对环路热管的启动影响程度不同。蒸发器鞍座与低温冷却器的热阻对环路热管启动的影响甚微。而随着蒸发器鞍座与蒸发器壁面的热阻的减小,环路热管的启动时间会缩短。更多还原

【Abstract】 AMS-02, short for Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer02, is a physical equipment exploring particles in the unique universal environment. To ensure the optimum operating state, a thermal control system is a must.This article established the evaporator and compensation model of Loop Heat Pipe (LHP), which is part of the vacuum cabin thermal control system. It analyzed how different factors influenced the LHP start-up, including heat load, wick construction, wick porosity, conduct resistance. The concrete work is as follows:First, the article introduced the goal and significance of AMS-02and described its thermal control system. Two loop heat pipes (LHP) with parallel connection are used to cool the condenser of Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer02(AMS-02).However, a series of factors lead to only one of LHPs primarily setting up and the other one failing to set up. There are four basic initial start-up situations. This paper chose to study of the most difficult situations, that is, the evaporator is full of liquid. The article established three-dimensional model of the LHP evaporator, used FLUENT to simulate its start-up temperature field. It is concluded that higher heat load facilitate start-up. Contact thermal resistance produced by structure or equipment difference can cause failure start-up. Finally, wick with primary and second wicks is better for start-up than wick of one single material. Wick porosity has little influence on LHP start-up.更多还原