【作者】 黄波；

【导师】 汤家法；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 我国水土流失情况严重,处于该流域的幸福二期水电站为了每年的清淤造成大量的经济损失。2011年在引入流域有偿服务体系(EPWS)工程后,取得了良好的开端。本次研究的重点在于基于GIS技术将流域划分成不同数量的子流域,研究水土流失现状,利用SWAT模型模拟流域产流产沙情况,分析引入流域有偿服务体系(EPWS)工程后为各方带来的良好效益,特别是对水电企业及上游社区带来的直接经济利益。本研究主要结论如下：(1)流域有偿服务体系(EPWS)能够同时实现上游社区的收入增加和水土保护与下游水电企业的泥沙减少和效益提高。(2) EPWS项目能够推动项目利益相关群体在流域的层面分析问题和解决问题,从而促进生态与经济的共赢,推动社区与企业的双赢。(3) SWAT模型涉及产、汇流参数众多,每个子流域的参数是不同的,且不同参数值需要通过产、汇流相应过程输出变量的模拟结果率定。本研究由于受到观测技术、资料缺失和对观测数据认识有限的制约,仅采用单一出水口的流量模拟结果作为参数率定和模型验证的基础,具有一定的局限性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the aggravation of water and soil erosion, the benefits from the Xingfu II Hydropower Station was greatly impacted in Guanliao Watershed in Ebian County of Sichuan Province in China. In2011, the Xingfu II Hydropower Station, as a buyer, joined in the Equitable Payment for Watershed Service (EPWS) project which will a nice milestone for buyer and seller, in order to prevent the upstream water and soil erosion.The statements of sub-watersheds numbers, current water and soil erosion, and simulated runoff and sediments was determined, calibrated, validated and simulated in this study, based on the main technology of GIS(Geographic Information System) and SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model. Also the directly economy benefits from downstream Xingfu Ⅱ Hydropower Station and local society benefits of upstream communities was analyzed and discussed. Main results are follows as:1. When the EPWS was conducted in the watershed of Xingfu II Hydropower Station, It will provide great benefits not only for the income upstream communities, but also for the reduced sediments in reservoir and increasing economy benefits for downstream Xingfu II Hydropower Station.2. EPWS can cause the ecological benefits and economy benefits for the win-win improvement on the communities and companies, through the operations from stakeholders groups in the watershed-level of the resolving local problems.3. The simulation of SWAT model was very complex not only the complex and great amounts parameters for different sub-watershed, but also the great deal works of simulation processes by inputing determined parameters, outputting calculation results, calibrating and validating relevant SWAT parameters and simulating SWAT models. Since the lack of measured technology, relevant background data and the limited data, it has a limitation of simulated results of runoff and sediments volume based on the simulation results from an only single watershed outlet at Xingfu II Hydropower Station by the parameters determination and model validation. More research contents will be carried out during EPWS in future.更多还原