【作者】 郭婷；

【导师】 周秋光；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 专门史， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 明清时期是我国古代社会救济事业发展的鼎盛时期,民间社会救济活动在此时不断兴起。与此同时,晋商也积极加入和支持民间慈善事业。在他们行商所到之处,都有他们扶贫济弱,乐善好施的感人事迹。这些行为不仅体现了晋商乐善好施的美德,而且使晋商与社会之间形成了良性互动。然而,他们的慈善行为也是受着多方面因素的影响,尤其受时代背景及其自身经济发展状况的影响,这使得其慈善行为具有鲜明的阶段性特征,所以本文对明清时期晋商各个阶段的慈善行为进行分析,来观察晋商慈善行为与其兴衰过程发展的关系和对社会的影响。全文分五部分。第一部分是全文的绪论部分,提出本文的选题实际和理论意义以及晋商研究综述。第二部分是正文第一章,介绍了晋商的概况,介绍其兴起、发展的状况以及晋商乐善行为的动因。明清时期致富的山西商人,他们身上带有强烈的社会责任感,通常所说的“奸商”和“为富不仁”绝不是他们所为。他们捐钱、运粮支持了清朝统一中国的事业,体现出他们经商不忘爱国的传统,他们修路、办学、济贫、赈灾,体现了他们关心民间疾苦,担当社会重担的责任心。山西商人的慈善行为可见于历朝历代,但明清时,可谓是晋商慈善活动发展的高峰,其乐善行为当然受多种因素影响,本章便通过结合史料对其乐善原因进行了分析。第三部分是正文第二章,也是全文的核心部分,探讨了明清晋商各阶段的慈善活动,并以晋商兴衰阶段作为划分依据,将晋商的慈善活动概括为三个部分：第一阶段由明朝中叶至清朝,此阶段晋商多为荒政捐助。第二阶段由清初至清咸同年间,晋商群体性慈善活动增强,其赈灾内容和救助范围有所拓宽。第三阶段由清光绪年间至清末,是晋商慈善活动的衰落期,晋商因经济困乏,心余力绌。通过考察这三个阶段晋商的慈善活动进而分析明清晋商的慈善行为与其兴衰发展的关系。第四部分是正文第三章,综合前几章内容所述,得出晋商从事慈善活动的特点及影响。第五部分是全文的结语部分,对全文进行了简要的总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ming and Qing dynasty is the prosperous period in the development of Chinese ancient social relief. During this time civil society relief activities continued to rise. Shan Xi Merchant Group during Ming and Qing dynasty actively participated in civil charity activities. They are generous enough to help their relatives and friends as well as those who were trapped in hardship. Furthermore, their charitable activities involved enormous range which reflected the good conduct of Shan Xi Merchants, and formed a benign interaction between business and society. However, their charitable behavior was influenced by many factors, especially by the historical background and its development status, which embodied their unique characteristics in different stages. Therefore, based on the analysis of Shan Xi Merchants charity behavior in different stages, we can find the relationship between the charity behavior and the rise and fall of the development process.The paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction which refers to the practical and theoretical significance of the paper and the research review.The second part is the first chapter of the text which describes Shan Xi Merchants’origin, development and the charity behavior motivation. Shan Xi Merchants were not "profiteers", on the contrary they had a strong sense of social responsibility. Their donation acts supported the cause of China’s unification in Qing dynasty, which embodied their patriotic spirit. Additionally, their good deeds embodied their caring about those who needed help and their willing to undertake the social responsibilities. Shan Xi Merchants’good deeds could be seen every dynasty, yet their charitable activities reached to the utmost highly level in Ming and Qing dynasty which was affected by various factors. Therefore, it will reveal some relevant reasons in this chapter by abundant historical materials.The third part is the second chapter, is the part of the core. Discuss the charity behavior in different stage. They participated in disaster relief during Ming Dynasty. They had rich economic strength during the Qing Dynasty to the early Qing (Qing Emperor Guangxu years),they made a positive contribution to society. This time merchant group activities continues to improve, look at the hall of development, you can find it.During the end of the Qing Dynasty,with the decline of Shan Xi merchants, their charitable activities also were fading,even though they also contributed to society.The fourth part is the third chapter, to sum up, we can find the characteristics and significance of Shan Xi Merchants engaged in charitable activities.The fifth part is the conclusion part, summarize the whole paper.更多还原