【作者】 张静；

【导师】 冯传平；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 生物化学与分子生物学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 硫化物是一种毒性非常强的有害物质，可导致水质恶化，并可腐蚀管道、毒害生物、抑制厌氧消化。含硫化物废水中通常还含有多种简单或复杂形式的共存有机物，其主要来源于化工、采油、造纸、制革等工业废水及生活污水。由于传统的含硫化物废水处理技术存在处理成本高、效率低、不能彻底去除硫元素等问题，因此迫切需要开发高效低耗的新型处理新技术。另一方面，能源耗竭与环境污染成为当今面临的两大难题，在保证污染物有效处理的同时，不耗能甚至产能，成为研究者持续关注的课题。微生物燃料电池是一种利用微生物将化学能直接转化为电能的新型装置，可同步实现污染物的高效去除并产电，逐渐成为水处理领域的研究热点。本研究以模拟含硫化物废水（包括硫化物和葡萄糖、玉米秸秆）作为电子供体，在微生物燃料电池中实现硫化物、有机物的同时去除与同步产电。在成功驯化单室微生物燃料电池的基础上，首先证明微生物燃料电池处理含硫废水的可行性；电池运行稳定后，通过从污染物去除（硫化物、有机物）和电能回收（输出电压、功率密度、库仑效率）两个方面对电池的性能进行评价；结合分子生物学方法，深入分析该共基质系统的生物作用机理；进一步探究不同因素（硫化物浓度、有机物浓度、溶液电导率）对反应器性能的影响，优化提高电池中污染物的去除率和产电功率。研究结果表明，硫化物（100mg/l）和葡萄糖（800mg-COD/l）共基质的微生物燃料电池中，硫化物和COD的去除率分别达到88.7%和81.8%，同时获得最大功率密度为581.4mW/m2。秸秆滤液和硫化物共基质的燃料电池可获得近似较高的最大功率密度（558.7mW/m2）和硫化物去除率（64.9%），但由于秸秆滤液中存在难降解的有机成份，而产生较低的COD去除率（57.3%）。微生物群落分析表明，大量的产电细菌和硫细菌在电池阳极共生，有助于实现高效氧化硫化物和有机物及同步产电。通过控制初始污染物浓度和电导率，可以进一步优化电池的反应条件，实现有效地处理含硫化物废水同时回收电能。本研究为微生物燃料电池处理含硫化物废水提供了可靠地理论分析和实验支持，有助于实现该技术在处理实际废水方面的应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sulfide is a typical kind of hazardous pollutant to cause water deterioration,pipeline corrosion and anaerobic digestion inhibition due to its toxicity to organisms.Simple or complex organics are always co-existed with sulfide in various wastewaters,such as chemical wastewater, oily wastewater, paper-making wastewater andmunicipal wastewaters. Since conventional sulfide containing wastewater treatmentsare usually with high consumption, lower efficiency and non-thoroughness of sulfideremoval, efficient and cost-effective treatment method is to be urgently developed.Besides, under the press of energy depletion and environment pollution currently,researchers paid more attention to studies on energy-saving or even energy-producingmethods with efficient pollutant removal. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a newlydeveloped device to recover electrical energy from pollutants with bacteria ascatalysts, which has arouse concerns on sulfide containing wastewater treatment in theMFCs.In this study, single-chambered MFCs are utilized to simultaneously generatecurrent and remove co-existed sulfide and organics in the simulation sulfidecontaining wastewater (with sulfide and glucose/corn stover). Feasibility of sulfidecontaining wastewater treatment in MFCs is first investigated after long timedomestication. Then the MFCs performance is evaluated by combined pollutant(sulfide and glucose/corn stover) removals and electricity recovery (voltage output,power density and columbic efficiency) since the reactors are operating stably.Microbial working principles of the co-substrate system are further explored on themicrobial diversity analysis. Effects of influent conditions (different sulfideconcentrations, COD concentrations and electrolyte conductivities) on power outputsas well as pollutant removals are also examined to optimize the MFCs operatingperformance eventually.Results showed that in the MFC fed with sulfide (100mg/l) and glucose (800mg-COD/l), both pollutants were efficiently removed by88.7%and81.8%, with themaximum power density of581.4mW/m2. Comparable maximum power density (558.7mW/m2) and sulfide removal efficiency (64.9%) could be realized in the MFCfed with sulfide and corn stover filtrate, while the COD was less removed by only57.3%, due to the macromolecular and refractory components in corn stover filtrateon the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. Community analysisindicated there was a great diversity of exoeletrogenic and sulfur-related bacteria onthe anode surface, which contributed significantly to the current generation andsulfide oxidation in MFCs. Initial pollutant concentration and electrolyte conductivitycould be adjusted to improve the MFCs working conditions, resulting in higherpollutant removal efficiency and electricity recovery. The MFCs are proposed to be anefficient alternative to sulfide containing wastewater treatment in this study, and thetheoretical and experimental analysis are sure to make for its practical application inthe future.更多还原