【作者】 张勤；

【导师】 朱丽霞；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 人文地理学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 随着生产力的发展和科学技术的进步,城市社会经济活动的种类和范围也大为扩展。城市空间作为城市社会经济发展的空间载体,为了适应新的发展形势,也在不断地发生变化。武汉市是我国中部地区的中心城市,是国家中部崛起的重要支撑。研究武汉市现有的就业人口分布形态,并通过探讨1982年到2010年这三十年间武汉市就业人口空间格局的演变,寻找武汉市的城市空间结构演化轨迹和演化机制,为武汉市以后的城市规划与发展提供借鉴和参考。研究方法上,在对收集的数据进行整理和汇总后,借助ArcGIS软件用区位商的方法对就业人口和就业密度的集中性进行了可视化显示；对于就业中心的识别主要采用了等值线的方法并结合空间自相关分析工具进行确定；除此之外还采用了统计学中的线性回归进行趋势预测；在分析就业分布形态的演变时,主要是借助于ArcGIS软件中的平均中心和标准差椭圆分析工具。综合运用各种统计分析的方法与工具,希望尽可能全面准确地展示武汉市的就业空间分布形态。在梳理与借鉴城市空间结构理论的基础上,运用多种方法对就业要素的分析与研究,本文得出以下结论：(1)武汉市就业人口总数巨大,就业结构日益合理。第三产业的就业人口在总就业人口中的比重持续增长,武汉市的就业中心出现在长江和汉江汇合之地,就业人口的空间形态总体上呈现出单中心的格局。(2)各行业的就业分布格局各不相同。制造业的就业人口出现了向远郊区转移的趋势,而第三产业的就业人口主要集中于中心城区,这与城市发展过程中的产业发展调整和产业本身的发展特点密切相关。(3)就业空间分布形态的演化上,总体是以向中心集聚发展为主导,同时出现中心边缘——轴向发展的变化趋势。本文的创新之处在于(1)武汉市独特的三镇格局背景下的城市就业中心的识别：就业中心的识别方法采用就业密度的等值线、就业数量的空间自相关、线性回归等方法。(2)1982年和2010年不同城市发展背景和水平下的就业分布格局的演变分析,较大的时间跨度和研究数据的可信度,保证了研究的有效性和真实性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of productivity and the progress of science and technology, the city’s modernization constantly to further promote, the type and scope of urban social and economic activities also expanded. The urban space structure which is the spatial carrier of urban social and economic development, in order to adapt to the new development situation, is constantly changing.Wuhan is the central city of national and is important to support the development of central China. Researching the employment spatial structure of Wuhan, learning the employment population spatial distribution form, summarizing the characteristics of urban spatial structure of Wuhan city at present, and discussing the the evolution of employment population spatial pattern in Wuhan city from1982to2010in order to look for the evolution and evolution mechanism of urban spatial structure of Wuhan city, is necessary for the urban planning and development of Wuhan city.As to research methods, based on sorting and summary the data, ArcGIS software displays the location quotient of employment and employment density. It adopts the isoline method combining with spatial autocorrelation analysis tools to identifies the determination of job centers and predicts the trend the linear regression in statistical trend prediction. While we analyze the evolution of the spatial form of employment by means of mean center and standard deviation ellipse in ArcGIS software. We use various statistical analysis methods and tools to show the employment space distribution pattern of Wuhan city as totally and accurately as possible.In this paper, the conclusions as following:(1) Wuhan have a large employment population and the employment structure is reasonable increasingly. Tertiary industry employment population continues to grow, the space form of employment present a pattern of single center, different regions have different employment structures and employment density gradients. The employment center of Wuhan between the Yangtze river and hanjiang river, employment density decreases gradually from center to the surrounding regions.(2)Different industries have different employment spatial distribution patterns. Manufacturing employment appeared a trend to outer suburb sand the third industry employment population is mainly concentrating in the central city, which is closely related to the urban development and the industry characteristics.(3)The evolution of employment space distribution pattern, based on cluster development of the center and appears to edge-axial of the center at the same time.Innovation of this paper lies in:(1) Identifying the urban employment center under the background of Wuhan which is constituted of three towns:with the methods of employment density contour, spatial autocorrelation, linear regression, mean center and standard deviation ellipse in ArcGIS software.(2)Analyzing the evolution of different spatial pattern between1982and2010, it is validity and authenticity because of the larger time span and the credibility of research data.更多还原