【作者】 叶红；

【导师】 蒋含平；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 新闻学， 2014， 硕士

【副题名】以新记《大公报》时期为考察中心

【摘要】 20世纪三十至四十年代,恰逢中国社会风起云涌,急剧变化。1937年日本帝国主义发动全面侵华战争,历经八年抗战,短暂的和平之后是三年的国共交战。此时的国家经过多年的战争煎熬,早已积贫积弱。救亡图存、统一民主成为最主要的时代语境。而作为现代知识分子,他们一方面承接了儒家传统的救国济世思想,一方面又受到五四新文化运动的洗礼,在国家民族命运内外交困的关键时刻,文章报国、办报立言成为这群知识分子安身立命的职业平台。生于1912年的徐盈正是成长在这样一个时代中,从大学开始,徐盈就以一个知识青年的满腔热血投身到文学创作中,在《大公报》的十几年职业生涯中,他始终以笔代枪,为抗日救亡奔走呼号,为和平建国建言献策,成为《大公报》记者群体中著名的一员。与他人不同,徐盈在《大公报》著名记者的光环下,还有许多鲜为人知的身份。他热爱文学,是叶圣陶亲手培养起来的青年作家；他是农林专家,先后就读保定农学院和南京金陵大学农林专修科；他还是中共地下党员,与中共高级领导人周恩来有密切联系。这些身份特征对徐盈的新闻活动产生了独具个性的影响。在本文中,笔者以徐盈所在的新记《大公报》为考察背景,以徐盈的多重身份特征作为研究的辅助对象,将徐盈在《大公报》时期的主要新闻作品作为研究文本,在理清徐盈新闻活动发展脉络和成长轨迹的基础上分析徐盈作为作家、专家、地下党员的新闻活动的独特性和价值意义所在。在此基础上,笔者以徐盈为个例,分析新记《大公报》时期,这份“不党”报刊里自由派记者和左派记者的群体特征,进而解释缘何“不党报刊”《大公报》会成就诸多拥有中共党员身份的著名记者。第一章是对徐盈生活的时代背景、媒介环境和《大公报》的阐述。“时势造英雄”,研究徐盈,要将其置于当时特定的历史语境中加以考察。本章分析了民国中后期的时代背景和媒介环境,将徐盈其人至于整个大的时代背景和媒介环境中,剖析当时知识分子的生存状况,并将《大公报》作为考察对象,分析《大公报》的发展历程以及对徐盈的职业影响。最后,对徐盈的主要生平事迹做一简介,重点分析徐盈成为《大公报》里地下党员记者的心路历程,以便后文对徐盈身份个性的分析讨论。第二章则是分析民国中后期徐盈的新闻职业成长轨迹。通过对徐盈的新闻实践活动进行一个线性梳理,不仅能够看到徐盈如何从一个初出茅庐的热血青年蜕变为成熟稳重的新闻人,还能窥探徐盈思想的转变、新闻职业观念的形成等。第三章是对徐盈的新闻活动特点及意义进行归纳总结,首先采用文本分析法对徐盈新闻作品进行分析,总结出其采写特色；其次探讨其作品对国家、社会的建构,通过分析不仅可以了解徐盈笔下的社会万象、民间疾苦,亦可以感受到徐盈作为爱国知识分子对国家、人民的深深忧虑之情；第三,对徐盈在新闻实践过程中积累下来的新闻观点进行整理辨析；最后,通过徐盈多重身份下的新闻职业定位看其新闻活动的独特性。第四章要将徐盈重新置于《大公报》的媒介背景中,透视民国中后期“不党报刊”《大公报》里自由派记者群体和左派记者群体的特性和共性,探讨左派记者徐盈何以在标榜“不党”的独立报纸中生存并成名,并分析不党报刊和党员身份对徐盈新闻活动的双重影响。在余论部分,本文对徐盈在建国后的职业生涯进行梳理,通过展现其在建国后左派记者和右派分子的身份转变表达知识分子在反右运动中的悲剧命运与时代的相互联系,最后,对徐盈的职业生涯进行简单回顾,反思民国一代名记者群体报刊活动的意义以及他们身上体现出来的“文章报国、孜孜不倦”的新闻从业精神,力求能给予当今媒体工作者一些从业启示和经验借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Thirty to forty years of the20th century, China’s society was raging like a storm with dramatic changes. In1937, the Japanese imperialists launched an all-out war of aggression against China.After eight years of war,our country just had a temporary peace, then we got through3years of civil war. At this time, China was poor and weak. National salvation, united, and democratic became the main context of times. As modern intellectuals, on the one hand, they undertook Confucian values of self-devotion to the country, on the other hand, they are affected by the may fourth new cultural movement. In the key moment which our country has been set with internal and external troubles, intellectuals used their articles to save the country, and establishing newspapers as their occupation platform. XuYing, born in1912, had growing up in such an era. From the university time, XuYing had devote himself to the creation of literature with his full enthusiasm. In the dozen years of occupation career in Ta Kung Pao, Xu took the pen as a gun, went hither and thither to call for the Anti Japanese national salvation, gave advices and suggestions for founding our country in a peaceful way. Based on these, XuYing became a famous news report in Ta Kung Pao.Different from the others, under the aura of the famous news report in Ta Kung Pao, XuYing had many other identities that people did not know. He loved literature, was the young writer that Ye Shengtao personally nurtured; He was an expert in agriculture and forestry, has studied at Baoding Agricultural College and Nanjing Jinling University of agriculture and forestry special training; He was also a underground party member, there was a close contact with senior party leader named Zhou Enlai. All these identities influenced Xu Ying’s journalistic activities.In the paper, the author is based on the study of Ta Kung Pao’s background which Xu Ying stayed in, according to Xu Ying’s multiple identities as the auxiliary object of the study, using Xu Ying’s main news works to conduct text analysis, on the base of figuring out Xu Ying’s news activity development and growth trajectory, analyzes Xu Ying’s uniqueness of career as a journalist, and the value of news practice. Then, the author will take Xu Ying as an example, analysis the features between liberal repoters group and leftist repoters group in XinJi Ta Kung Pao period. In order to explain why Chinese communist party member could be famous reporter in Ta Kung Pao,which advertised "no party".The first chapter is about the background of Xu Ying’s life, the media environment and the overview of Ta Kung Pao. As people say," A hero is nothing but a product of his time." Learning XuYing, needs to set him in his specific historical context. This chapter will analysis the later period of the republic of China’s background and the media environment, then analyze the time of intellectuals’ living environment, using Ta Kung Pao as a study object to analysis Ta Kung Pao’s development history and the affections to Xu Ying’s career. At last, products Xu Ying’s biography, then, discusses the mental process that Xu Ying became an underground party member in Ta Kung Pao.The second chapter is the introduction of Xu Ying’s major career trajectory in the late period of the Republic of China. Through a linear comb of the practice of Xu Ying’s journalism activities, we can not only see the transformation from a passionate young people to a fledgling news repoter, but also see Xu Ying’s ideological transformation and the formation of journalistic ideas.The third chapter is about Xu Ying’s news events’characteristics and significance.The first, using the text analysis to see Xu Ying’s news works, summarizing the characteristics which Xu Ying have written in his news works.Secondly, discussing his works on the national and social construction, through the analysis of Xu Ying’s works, we can not only see social Vientiane and people’s hardships, but also feel Xu Ying’s deep feelings to the people and country. Thirdly, Describing Xu Ying’s news views which accumulated in the news practice. Finally, Seeing news features and significance of his activities through the news career orientation under Xu Ying’s multiple identities.Chapter IV re-placed Xu Ying into Ta Kung Pao’s media context, perspective the features and commons between liberal repoters group and leftist repoters group in Ta Kung Pao. To investigate why Xu Ying can survive and fame in"no party and independent" newspaper as a leftist reporter. At last, discusses the double effect of "no party" newspapers and party identity to Xu Ying’s news activities.In the last part, the paper will carding Xu Ying’s career after the founding of new China, Through the demonstration of Xu Ying’s identity change in the left and right, to express the contact between leftist reporters’s tragic fate in anti-rightist movement and Time background. In the end, review Xu Ying’s journalism career to reflect the Republic generation that famous reporter groups’ significance of news activities and the news professionalism of their articles patriotic and tireless. In this way, the modern media practitioners will have enlightenment and draw lessons from features of Xu Ying’s news activities.更多还原