【作者】 张松；

【导师】 常向阳；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 物流工程， 2013， 硕士

【副题名】以南京为例

【摘要】 公路货物运输业是国民经济发展中的一个基础性和先导性产业。随着经济的高速发展,我国的公路货运量呈现出快速增长趋势,公路货运量在综合运输体系中所占份额逐年增加。然而,当前我国公路货运配载还面临着诸多问题,这些问题的存在制约着公路货运行业的进一步发展。尤其是在返程货运配载方面,配载效率低,空驶现象严重,导致了较高的物流成本,造成了较大的经济损失和社会资源浪费。因此,必须采取有效措施,解决公路货运返程配载中存在的问题,从而促进公路货运行业的健康发展。本文在分析公路货运、货运配载、物流信息平台等相关领域理论的基础上,综合运用理论分析法、问卷调查法、访谈调查法、比较分析法与定量分析方法对公路货运返程配载问题进行了研究。本文首先总结出当前我国公路货运配载的基本模式有：车货直接对接配载模式、货运专线对接配载模式、物流信息平台配载模式。根据调研数据,采用因子分析法、回归分析法与交互项分析法得出了影响货运返程配载效率的关键因素为“信息源”,即车源货源信息不对称是导致返程配载效率低的主要原因。在此基础上,本文构建了相应的物流信息平台,基于对影响配载效率主要因素的考虑,本文所构建的信息平台主要包括车主信息服务、货主信息服务、在线撮合、在线交易与投保、货物追踪、智能配载,信息反馈与信用评级、网上车队等方面的功能。本文以南京市为例,对现有的三种基本货运配载模式进行了对比分析,发现相对于其他两种配载模式而言,物流信息平台配载模式具有一定的优势；而相对于现有的物流信息平台,本文所构建的信息平台在经营理念与盈利模式、信息全面性与真实性、运输过程监控、结算与货损处理、货运配载功能、信息平台间衔接等方面都达到了更高的水平。这证明了本文所构建的信息平台可以在提高返程货运配载效率方面发挥更大的作用。为了促进拟建信息平台的建立与发展,本文从多个角度提出了政策建议：政府应从资金、税收和政策等方面支持物流信息平台的发展,同时应推动联网业务协调建设；物流行业协会应推进条形码、数据信息、交换接口等方面的标准化建设；物流信息平台企业应坚持正确的发展理念,加大技术引进力度,加强与政府合作,强化平台间协作；货运主体应提高自身素质,更新物流装备,加强与信息平台的合作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Highway freightage business is the basic and guiding industry for the development of national economy. As the rapid development of economy, highway freight volume of China is growing faster and faster. And in comprehensive system of transport, the percentage of highway freight volume increases by years. However, many problems still exist in highway freight stowage of China. These problems restrict further development of highway freightage business. Especially in the back tracking cargo stowage, low efficiency of stowage results in high logistics cost, much economic losses and waste of social resource. So, effective measures must be taken to solve these problems. In this way, highway freightage business will be developed better.This paper researches back tracking cargo stowage with questionnaire method, Interview survey method, method of comparative analysis and quantitative analysis method. It is based on the theory of highway freightage, cargo stowage and logistics information platform. This paper summarizes the mode of highway cargo stowage, such as car butt stowage directly with goods, freight trains docking stowage and logistics information platform for loading. Based on factor analysis, regression analysis method, interactive items analysis and data from survey, we reach that the key factor of back tracking cargo stowage is "information source". Information asymmetry of car supply is main reason of low efficiency of back tracking cargo stowage. On this basis, this paper structures relevant logistics information platform. The function of platform includes the owner information, the shipper information, make a match online, trade and insure online, goods status tracing information, intelligent stowage, information feedback, credit rating and online team which based on the factors of the efficiency of back tracking cargo stowage. This paper takes Nanjing for example to contrast the three kinds of cargo stowage mode. It’s found that logistics information platform stowage mode is superior to other two modes. Information platform structured by this paper reaches a higher lever relevant to existing logistics information platform in management idea, profit model, dispose of settle accounts and goods damaged, real-time tracking of goods, information effectiveness, cargo stowage function and matching of information among platforms. That says information platform structured by this paper can make great function in increasing the efficiency of back tracking cargo stowage.To promote the development and founding of information platform, many suggestions are raised in this paper in multipoint of view. The government should sustain the development information platform in capital, revenue and policy and promote the coordinate structural of internet at the same time. Logistics association should promote the standardizing construct of shape code, data information and swap interface. Logistics information platform enterprise should sustain correct development idea, enhance the intensity of technology importing, strengthen the cooperation with government and reinforce the coordinate among platform. Shippers should improve themselves quality, update logistics equipment, and reinforce the coordinate among platform.更多还原