【作者】 张海涛；

【导师】 苗宏慧；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 项目管理， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 我国对项目风险管理方面的研究起步较晚，与西方发达国家相比，还有一定的距离。计划经济体制下，风险管理意识淡薄和管理能力缺乏。随着市场经济体制不断完善，逐渐开始对项目风险性的认识，转变以前的项目风险所产生的损失都由政府承担的思路，开始推行“谁投资，谁决策，谁承担责任和风险”的原则，真正实行“政府引导，社会参与，市场运作”的运营方式。项目风险管理在建筑安装施工等工程项目中有着非常广泛的应用。特别是近几年来，建筑安装施工事故发生率和伤亡人数仅次于道路交通和煤矿业，已成为事故高发的第三大源头。我国是世界上最大的行业劳动群体，但是他们的劳动环境和安全状况却存在很大的问题，建筑安装施工安全生产形势比较严峻。由于建筑安装施工生产具有一次性、复杂性、高处作业多、劳动力密集等特点，因此一直是高危行业，建筑安装施工领域的安全事故频繁发生，伤亡人数居高不下，而且发生次数和死亡人数逐年上升，给国家、人民群众的生命财产带来巨大损失。本文将以雾凇宾馆管线改造项目为案例进行施工现场安全管理的研究与分析。通过对雾凇宾馆管线改造项目的安全风险识别，评价和风险管理，找出该项目安装施工生产过程中潜在的危险有害因素，特别是可以查找出未曾预料到的被忽视的危险因素和职业危害。识别系统中存在的薄弱环节和可能导致事故和职业危害的发生的条件，针对这些环节和条件，提出相应的对策措施。预防、控制事故和职业危害的发生，尽可能做到即使发生误操作或设备故障，系统存在的危险因素也不会导致事故和职业危害的发生，实现生产过程的本质安全化。对于无法完全消除危险的情况，在安全评价中，还可以进一步对一些后果比较严重的主要危险因素和职业危害采用定量分析方法，预测事故和职业危害发生的可能性和后果的严重性，并制定减少和控制事故后果蔓延的对策措施，从而最终全过程、全方位对安全生产进行控制。在此背景下，研究雾凇宾馆管线改造项目施工现场安全管理可以为该项目的施工安全规划提供依据；为该施工项目危险源管理提供依据；为该项目制定突发安全事件应急预案提供依据。在本论文的研究过程中，综合运用经济学、管理学和系统工程等相关理论与分析方法，特别是项目管理领域关于项目计划与控制、项目风险管理、以及企业管理领域的基本原理和管理方法，坚持定性分析和定量分析相结合原则，展开相关理论和应用研究，并通过实际案例进行具体分析。主要解决以下三个方面问题：第一、安装施工现场安全风险的识别。具体包括安装施工的资料收集，安全风险存在形势的估计，风险识别技术和工具，安全风险的识别结果。第二、安装施工现场安全风险的评价。依据施工现场安全风险评价的原理与方法，对该项目施工现场实际安全风险的具体特点分析并进行客观评价。研究项目所有阶段的整体风险、各风险之间的相互影响、相互作用以及对项目的总体影响。第三，施工现场安全风险的控制。开展有针对性的施工现场安全控制措施研究，具体包括制定该项目的施工现场安全管理的保障体系，研究确定安全风险的控制措施，并提出施工现场安全管理的应急预案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Late in our country to study the project risk management is started, comparedwith western developed countries, there is a certain distance. Under the plannedeconomy system, the lack of risk management awareness and management ability.With the market economic system continuously improved, gradually understanding ofproject risk, produced change the previous project risk losses are borne by thegovernment idea, launched the "who investment, who the decision-making, who bearthe responsibility and the risk" principle, the real implementation of the "governmentguidance, social participation, market operation" operation methods.Project risk management has been widely used in the construction andinstallation of construction project. Especially in recent years, building constructionaccident rate and the number of casualties after road traffic and coal mining industry,has become the third largest source of high accident. China is the world’s largestindustry labor groups, but their labor safety and environment condition is a bigproblem, construction and installation of construction production safety situation isgrim. Because the construction and installation of production with disposable,complexity, high operation, labor intensiveness, therefore has been a high-riskindustries, safety accidents in construction field of building installation occurredfrequently, the high number of casualties, but the incidence and the death toll is risingyear by year, caused huge losses to the state, the people’s life and property.This paper will take the Crystal Hotel pipeline reconstruction project as a casestudy and analysis of the safety management of construction site. The safety riskidentification on the Crystal Hotel pipeline reconstruction project, evaluation and riskmanagement, to find out the potential dangerous and harmful factors of the projectinstallation and construction of the production process, especially to find out thedangerous neglected factor unexpected and occupation hazards. The weakness in therecognition system and may lead to the occurrence of accidents and occupation hazard conditions, according to the process and conditions, proposes thecorresponding countermeasure. Prevention, control of accidents and occupationhazards, as much as possible, even if the wrong operation or equipment failure, riskfactors are also not lead to accidents and occupation hazards, realize intrinsic safetyproduction process. For not completely eliminate dangerous situations, in the safetyevaluation, but also the main risk further some of the consequences of the seriousfactors and occupation hazard analysis methods of quantitative, possibility andseverity of consequences forecast accidents and occupation hazards, and formulatedto reduce and control measures of accident consequences spread, and eventually thewhole process, a full range of safe production control.In this context, the safety management of Crystal Hotel pipeline reconstructionproject construction site can provide the basis for the safety of construction plan ofthe project; to provide the basis for the construction project risk management; providea basis for the project to develop the emergency incident.In the process of this study, the comprehensive use of economics, managementtheory and systems engineering and analysis methods, especially in the field ofproject management on project planning and control, project risk management, andenterprise management principle and management methods, adhere to thecombination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, theory and applicationresearch, and through the analysis of actual cases. Mainly to solve the following threeaspects: first, identify the installation of construction site safety risk. Including theinstallation and construction of data collection, present situation to estimate the safetyrisk, risk identification techniques and tools, safety risk identification results.Evaluation of second, installation and construction site safety risk. Based on theprinciples and methods of safety risk assessment of the construction site, the specificcharacteristics of the actual construction site safety risk analysis of the project andobjective evaluation. Study on all phases of the project’s overall risk, the risk ofinteraction, interaction and on the overall impact on the project. Third, control ofconstruction site safety risk. To carry out the construction measures of safety controlfield, including the construction site safety management of the project guarantee system, the control measures of security risk, and put forward the emergency safetymanagement of construction site.更多还原