【作者】 肖勇；

【导师】 范志勇；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究通过考察妊娠前期母猪日粮中添加儿茶素后,对母猪繁殖性能、抗氧化性和免疫功能的影响,探讨了儿茶素在母猪养殖中应用的可行性,以期为母猪生殖保健和饲养实践提供理论支撑与技术指导。试验采用单因素实验设计,按照日粮中儿茶素添加水平设计0、100、200、300、400mg/kg等5个剂量处理。选用体重、胎次和产仔数相近的健康经产长大二元杂母猪60头,随机分入5个处理中,每个处理12头母猪。母猪配种后接受为期40天的试验处理,然后在同一条件下饲喂至母猪分娩,并初步考察了仔猪发育的情况,试验总计142天。试验期间,准确统计母猪产仔数、健仔数、弱仔数、木乃伊和死胎数,称取仔猪初生重和28日龄断奶体重。分别在妊娠第40天和分娩时采集血清和初乳样,检测血清中的GSH-px、SOD、CAT、H2O2、NOS和NO等抗氧化指标含量和免疫因子BCR、TCR、MHC-1、MHC-2和IL-2、IL-4浓度。此外,除了分析血清PROG水平外,还比较检测了血清和乳样中的IgG和IgM含量。试验结果如下：1妊娠前期日粮中添加儿茶素能够有效改善母猪繁殖性能。结果表明,200和300mg/kg儿茶素组母猪窝产活仔数和健仔数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),窝死胎数明显低于对照组,对仔猪初生重影响不显著；对妊娠40d血清PROG含量有提高趋势,但差异不明显(P>0.05)。2母猪妊娠前期日粮添加儿茶素对母猪妊娠40d的血清抗氧化指标GSH-px、SOD、CAT有提高趋势,对MDA有降低趋势。200和300mg/kg处理对分娩期母猪血清SOD, CAT活性有显著提高作用,血清MDA含量有显著降低作用(P<0.05)。200mg/kg、300mg/kg和400mg/kg处理组对妊娠40d和分娩期的母猪血清自由基H202含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。各处理组母猪血清在分娩和妊娠期NOS和NO含量均有提高趋势,差异不显著(P>0.05)。3母猪妊娠前期日粮添加儿茶素可显著提高母猪分娩后初乳中的IgG和IgM的含量(P<0.05),日粮添加儿茶素对妊娠母猪可显著提高妊娠40血清TCR水平和分娩时MHC-2表达(P<0.05)。300mg/kg儿茶素组则显著降低了分娩时母猪血清IL-2的含量(P<0.05),其他处理组也有不同程度的降低。对妊娠期和分娩的母猪血清IL-4水平有提高趋势(P>0.05),儿茶素对血清BCR,IL-2,MHC-1含量则未产生显著影响。综上所述,妊娠前期母猪日粮中添加儿茶素可通过清除自由基及氧化代谢产物,提高抗氧化能力和增强机体的免疫功能改善母猪繁殖性能的预期目的。本试验条件下,儿茶素作用存在剂量依赖效应,以300mg/kg日粮的儿茶素效果最为突出。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study was conducted to investigate the effects of the catechins with four levels supplemented catechins in the diets of pregnant sows on the reproductive performance, antioxidation and immune function. Sixty cross-bred(LxY) multiparity sows with similar body weight, healthy and childhoods3-5parity were randomly divided into five diets groups including0,100,200,300,400mg/kg catechins groups. Catechins diet was fed to sow from breeding to40d of gestation. Serum and colostrums samples were collected when sows gestation40d and childbirth acquisition. We recorded the number stillbirths and their BW, counted the total number of piglets and litter BW. Serum samples were assayed for GSH-px, SOD, CAT, MDA, H2O2, NOS and NO concentrations. Serum and Colostrum concentrations of immunoglobulin(IgG, IgM) were assayed with using a Turbidimetric immunoassay method, serum level of BCR, TCR, MHC-1,MHC-2, IL-2, IL-4and PROG were assayed by enzyme-linked immuneosorbent method. The results were as follows:1The results showed that the farrowing performance in the groups supplemented with200and300mg/kg catechins was significantly higher (P<0.05) while the mortality was significantly less than the control (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference on the birth weight of piglets among all groups. The result was also indicated that the concentration of PROG in serum was improved with supplemented the increase in the amount of catechins, but there was no significant difference to some degree (P>0.05).2The concentrations of GSH-px, SOD and CAT activity in serum of pregnant sows at40d after mating properly showed obviously trend with the increase in the amount of catechins in diet, but there was no significant difference between the treat group and the control (P>0.05). The result showed that there is a reduction trends in the concentrations of MDA in serum of parturition. The concentrations of SOD, CAT activity in serum of parturition in the groups supplemented with200and300mg/kg catechins were significantly higher than the control (P<0.05), while the concentrations of MDA is significantly lower than the control (P<0.05). The concentrations of H2O2 in serum at40d after mating properly and parturition in the groups supplemented with200and300mg/kg catechins were significantly lower than the control (P<0.05). The concentrations of NOS activity and the content of NO in serum at40d after mating properly and parturition were increased with supplemented the increase in the amount of catechins in diet, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05).3The concentrations of IgG and IgM in colostrums were significantly improved with supplemented the increase in the amount of catechins in diet (P<0.05). The content of TCR in serum at40d after mating properly and MHC-2in serum of parturition were significantly improved than the control (P<0.05), while there was a rising trend in the content of IL-4in serum at40d after mating properly, but there was no significant difference to some degree (P>0.05).In summary:catechins supplemented in diets during early gestation can improve reproductive performance, antioxidant capacity and immune function by scavenging free radicals and oxidative metabolism. Under the experimental conditions, there exited significant dose-dependent effects and the effect of catechins with the level of300mg/kg in diets group was proved the most appropriate.更多还原