基于节点稳定性和拥塞控制的GPSR协议研究

【作者】 刘伟；

【导师】 兰少华；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 移动自组织网络(Mobile Ad Hoc Network, MANET)是由在一定范围内的一些无线移动设备(也称为节点)的集合组成的复杂的分布式网络系统,并且不需要依靠任何固定的基础设施,就可以互相通信。其中,由于Ad Hoc网络具有无中心、自组织等特点,使其应用范围极其广泛,同时也造成了网络拓扑的不稳定,使得路由协议的研究受到广泛的关注。近几年,基于地理位置的路由协议由于其知道目的节点的位置等独特性质,使得受到广泛的研究。由于GPSR协议的不完善性,如没有考虑节点的稳定性、节点的剩余能量、网络的拥塞情况以及节点是否安全等问题,所以,本文提出了GPSRS协议。GPSRS协议在转发分组时,由于目的节点面向区域内的节点距离目的节点更近,将分组转发到该区域内,同时考虑了节点的稳定性及其剩余电量,使我们选择到稳定的转发节点,从而保证了路由的稳定性。接下来,在GPSRS协议的基础之上,进一步考虑了节点的拥塞情况,提出了拥塞检测方案,在节点拥塞即将发生时,根据邻居表,通知节点的上一跳发送速率最大的节点进行局部路由过程,找到一条新路由,从而绕过该拥塞节点。并且根据加权算法,让高优先级的数据包优先发送,减少了一些数据包长时间在网络中传输。GPSRSCC协议实现了一个有效拥塞控制机制,节点可以检测到网络中的多个拥塞程度,并且采取适当的措施来减少包的丢失。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a complex distributed network system which is collections of wireless mobile devices (also called nodes) within a certain range, and the node can communicate with each other without relying on any fixed infrastructure. Due to the Ad Hoc network has no central nodes and is self-organized, which make it have an extremely wide range of applications, however, these features cause the instability of network topology. So, studying the routing protocols attracts widespread attention. In recent years, due to location-based routing protocols can be aware of the destination node’s location, which makes this kind of protocols studied widely by many scholars.Due to the imperfections of the GPSR protocol, for example, it does not take the stability, residual energy, network congestion and whether the node is safe into consideration, so this paper proposed the GPSRS protocol in this paper. When forwarding packets, due to the nodes in the Destination Facing Area have a closer distance to the destination node, GPSRS protocol forwards the packets to this area. GPSRS protocol also takes the stability and residual energy of nodes into account, so we can choose a stable forwarding node, and ensure the stability of the routing.And then, we further consider the node’s congestion on the basis of GPSRS, and propose a congestion detection scheme. When the node’s congestion is about to happen, according to the neighbor table, the node notice the forwarding node which has largest transmission rate to launch partial routing process. After the forwarding node finds a new route, it can bypass the congested node. And we also consider the weighted algorithm, so that the packets which have high priority are sent preferentially. The weighted algorithm reduces the number of data packets transmitted over the network for a long time. GPSRSCC protocol has achieved an effective congestion control mechanism. And a node can detect multiple congestion level, and take appropriate measures to reduce the loss of packets.更多还原