【作者】 李君；

【导师】 刘海英；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 高级管理人员工商管理， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 中国农业发展银行是我国的农业政策性银行，成立于1994年，主要从事粮棉油信贷资金供应，以及农业综合开发、扶贫贷款等业务。到1998年5月，国务院进行粮食流通体制改革后，对农发行信贷业务进行了调整，让农发行专司粮棉油资金供应与管理，实行封闭管理，其它业务划归其它银行管理。但随着粮食市场化改革的深入，到2001年，粮食市场逐步放开，农发行专司粮棉油资金封闭管理显然是对政策性金融机构的浪费。因此，根据农发行的申请，银监会批准，到2003年国务院同意农发行开展粮棉油收购资金自营业务，单独核算、自负盈亏。到2005年以后，农发行自营业务开始扩大，并根据粮食市场化进展，先后开办了准政策性粮食收购贷款等业务。然而正是由于这些新自营业务的开办，形成了较大的风险隐患，到2008年以后及以后的3年，贷款风险呈现大面积爆发势头。笔者作为农发行的一名干部，正是面对这一贷款风险状况而寻找解决的办法，以控制贷款风险的大面积发生，提出控制措施和办法，以图实现农发行的长远健康发展。本文采取系统性的研究方法。主要以中国农业发展银行各分行发生的商业性贷款风险案例为研究对象，通过发生的风险事实、案例，进行原因分析，并比对分析风险来源层面，对其贷款风险的管控对策进行分析研究，提出较为全面的系统的管控措施和办法。论文的研究内容共分为四章。在绪论部分对农发行的背景进行了介绍，进而引出了农发行商业性贷款的由来，以及自营以后商业性贷款风险的状况及后果，提出了本文的研究内容。作者在分析商业性贷款风险及成因上，从贷款风险成因的一般性原因、政策及贷款品种设计不当原因、以及基于自身内部管理原因的等三个方面、角度入手，揭示贷款风险不同层面的成因，核心说明了一个问题，即外部环境差只是给农发行的贷款风险造成了风险发生的可能性，并不等于必然性。控制风险的发生及数量频次的关键还是在于内部管理各方面的弱化；揭示了农发行的商业性贷款风险不是不可以很好的控制的主题思想，为对策研究提供主体理论支撑。对风险的管控对策，作者从三个层面研究了贷款风险控制的对策。一是科学定位谋划贷款品种及考核制度，二是强化贷款各关键环节的风险管控手段，三是建议树立从严治行的科学的企业文化。通过这三个层面，在更深层面较为系统的提出了农发行商业性贷款管控风险的对策，这个也是作者多年从事农业信贷的研究成果，观点具有独立性。同时，作者又提出还应建立农发行贷款风险管控的保障措施，以实现贷款风险管控目标，从而到达了系统性的提出农发行贷款风险管控的对策。本章提出了的一个明确的观点：对贷款风险的管控，在采取各类直接的管理措施办法后，还不足以实现贷款风险的控制，还应建立一个风险事先防范的预警监测和事后的处置制度。因为实施再严格的贷款管理也抵挡不了企业贷款风险的发生，同样如果没有严格的风险责任追究制度，那么一切防范管控风险的对策都将毫无意义。因此作者进一步提出了建立企业贷款风险的监测管理制度、建立真实反映贷款质量的控制系统、建议银行严肃贷款风险预警处置的管理制度，以保障各类风险管控措施办法的有效性。本文也是作者从事26年农村金融工作，18年农发行信贷工作的研究成果。更多还原

【Abstract】 The agricultural Development Bank of China’s agricultural policy banks inChina, was founded in1994, mainly engaged in grain supply of credit funds, as wellas the comprehensive agricultural development, poverty alleviation loans business. In1998May, the State Council for the reform of the grain circulation system, theadjustment of agricultural issue credit business, let the agricultural release for grainfunds supply and management, to be closed management, and other business to theother bank management. But with the reform of the grain market reform, to2001, thegrain market gradually opening up, farming issue for grain closed funds managementis obviously the policy financial institutions waste. Therefore, according to theagricultural release application, approval of CBRC, in2003the State Council agreedto carry out agricultural issue of grain purchasing funds proprietary business,independent accounting, self financing. After2005, farming issue a proprietarybusiness began to expand, and according to the progress of grain market, has started aquasi policy loans to buy food and other business. However, it is due to run these newproprietary business, formed a larger risks, after2008and after3years, the loan riskis an outbreak of momentum. A cadre as agricultural issue, it is in the face of this loanrisk status and find a solution, in large area control loan risk, put forward controlmeasures and methods, to achieve the long-term healthy development of agriculturalissue.This article adopts the research method of system. The case of commercial loanrisk occurs mainly in the Agricultural Development Bank of China branch as theresearch object, through the risk facts, case, analyzes the reasons, and compared withthe analysis of risk sources, analysis and Research on the countermeasures to controlthe loan risk, put forward a comprehensive system of control measures and methods.The research content of this thesis consists of four chapters.In the part of introduction of farming issue introduces the background, origin and thus leads to a commercial loan, and self after commercial loan risk andconsequences, and puts forward the research content of this article. Based on theanalysis of risk and the causes of loan business loan risks, from the general reason,policy and loans varieties improper design reasons, and based on its own internalmanagement reasons in three aspects, angle, reveals the genesis of different levels ofcredit risk, core description of a problem, namely, the poor external environment is toagricultural development bank loan risk caused the risk occurs possibility, necessity isnot equal to. The key to control risk and the number of frequency is weakening theinternal management; the agricultural issue of commercial loan risk is not very goodcontrol of the theme, providing the main theoretical support for countermeasureresearch.Control measures for risk, the author studied the countermeasure of credit riskcontrol from three aspects. One is the scientific positioning plan loans varieties andappraisal system, two is to strengthen the key link of loan risk management practices,three is a suggestion to establish strict management of the scientific enterprise culture.Through these three aspects, further systematically put forward countermeasures tocontrol risk of loan of commercial agricultural issue, this is also the author of researchfor many years engaged in agricultural credit, view independent.At the same time, the author also proposed should also establish loan risk controlmeasures of agricultural issue, to realize the loan risk management objectives, whichreached the loan risk control countermeasures of agricultural circulation system of. Aclear view of this chapter puts forward: the loan risk control measures andmanagement measures, in all kinds of direct, control is not enough to realize the loanrisk, also should establish a risk early warning and monitoring after the advancedisposal system. Because the implementation of loan management strict also resistthe loan risk of enterprises can not occur, as if there is no strict risk responsibilitysystem, and all preventive risk control measures are meaningless. Therefore, theauthor proposes the establishment of enterprise loan risk monitoring managementsystem, establish the real control system, reflecting the quality of loans that banksserious credit risk early warning management system, in order to protect theeffectiveness of risk control measures. This paper is also the author of26years engaged in financial work in rural areas,18years of research work of ADBC credit.更多还原