【作者】 张琼；

【导师】 李伟；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2013， 硕士

【副题名】基于个体生命回溯的视角

【摘要】 人是教育的出发点和归宿，教育存在的价值是使人的身心得到全面健康的发展。童年时期是人生的奠基阶段，特别是小学时期的童年生活应该为人的持续健康发展奠定坚实牢固的基础。本文选取了三类人作为研究对象，主要采取深度访谈的方式获得资料，从个体回溯的视角探讨小学教育生活对个体生命发展的价值。全文共分为五个部分：第一章从当前小学教育生活入手，分析当下小学生在学校中面对的“不幸”的生活状态。其主要表现在学生生活压力大身心疲惫；童年消逝；被规定的生活设计，缺乏自我选择和自我规划权；缺乏自由时间，在催促中成长；功利化的学习占据了儿童的主要生活。第二章在工具性价值的指导下，从学校教育目的、教育内容、教育方式、教育过程多方面分析小学生教育生活不幸福的原因，并指出小学教育生活失去了作为个体人一生重要阶段的独体地位和独特价值。第三章首先分析小学教育生活的独特性，即在活动方式上具有游戏性、在教育内容上具有完整性、在目的生具有入门性的特征。然后从价值论的角度分析小学教育生活的价值，主要以“人”为中心区分、理解本体价值与工具性价值，认为本体价值即事物对人的价值，工具价值即事物对社会的价值。并指出小学教育生活的价值应该以个人的发展为出发点，其教育价值应集中体现在促使个体不断发展和完善方面，尤其是促进个体在人格、审美和精神生活等领域里的自我实现。第四章从回溯材料入手，分析小学教育生活的实然价值。研究表明，小学教育生活的重要价值不在于片面的追求知识的积累、高升学率、高分，而在于帮助学生获得知识技能的同时，养成良好的学习和生活习惯，培养学生对大自然的热爱与敬畏，而且在小学阶段学生的心智、个性也要得到有效的发展，美好的心性品质得到启发，身体素质得到健康发展。这些方面的内容才对个体终身发展具有重要价值。第五章分别从人身、人事、人心、人文、人生五个层面总结小学教育生活的价值。最后指出，美好的小学教育生活不仅应关照到当下小学生生活的价值，又要为学生未来的人生奠基，从而将小学教育生活的价值延伸到人的一生。更多还原

【Abstract】 The final aim of education is human being.The value of educational life lies in leading the human being to all round development both in physical and mentality.Childhood is the basis of one’s life,especially the childhood during primary school which should lay a solid foundation to human beings continuous development.This study selected three kinds of students as the research object,and get material mainly through interview.And it focuses on the value of primary educational life on human beings under the perspective of backtracking individual life.The study consists of five chapters,Chapter1describes the unhappy educational life that children have to face is having huge loads which makes them unhappy in school;adult’s determination take charge of children’s lives contributing to the disappearance of childhood;knowledge studying becomes their main life in school,which make them lose interests in other things.All the present situation discussed above makes children lead an unhappy life in school.Chapter2analyzes the factors contributing to children’s unhappy life in primary school and criticizes that primary educational life as an important stage in people’s life has gradually lost its fundamental values.Chapter3starts with analyzing the characteristics of primary educational life,mainly demonstrates that education should focus on children’s life and their all round development.Then under the perspective of value theory analyzes primary educational life’s ontological value and tool value.Chapter4mainly focuses on analyzing actual value of primary educational life by analyzing the interview material.The study demonstrates that primary educational life’s actual value is not in how much knowledge one has accumulate or how many scores one has get,but in forming children’good habits, cultivating children’s emotion to nature,and so on.Meanwhile it should pay great attention to children’s health,intelligence,characteristics,constructiveness and self-awareness,which has huge impact on individual’s lifelong development.Chapter5tries to make a conclusion of the value of primary educational life from the following five aspects:physical,physical,intelligence,humanity,mentality and lifelong.Finally it points out that primary educational life should not only pay attention to students’contemporary life,but also build the foundation of their whole life, which will have continuous influences on person’s whole life development.更多还原