【作者】 王蕾；

【导师】 彭克美；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 基础兽医学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 泰和乌鸡体内有机成分包括18种氨基酸,其中人体所需的8种必须氨基酸含量显著高于其他肉类产品。近年来随着人民的生活水平提高,养生保健已成为人们关注的话题。我国对泰和乌鸡的需求逐年增长。需要大量乌鸡相关的研究结果作为理论指导。综合以上原因,本研究通过组织学方法研究乌鸡小肠结构发育特征,特殊染色法及亲和免疫组织化学法研究构成肠道黏膜免疫系统相关细胞在机体生长发育过程中分布和发挥作用的增龄性变化规律,为乌鸡的合理化养殖和疾病防治提供科学依据。首先,为了探明1-9周龄泰和乌鸡小肠的发育特征。取1-9周龄泰和乌鸡小肠,采用石蜡切片HE染色,观察、测量小肠发育的组织学指标。结果表明十二指肠和空肠具有相似的发育变化规律,回肠具有不同于十二指肠和空肠的发育规律。5-7w是乌鸡小肠生长发育的关键时期。本研究为乌鸡的后续研究和合理化养殖提供了可靠的形态学和发育学依据。第二,采用PAS染色技术研究1-9周龄泰和乌鸡小肠黏膜上皮杯状细胞分布和发育变化规律及其发育的关键时期。结果表明小肠内黏膜上皮杯状细胞主要分布于空肠和回肠的肠绒毛,7w时乌鸡肠黏膜免疫机械屏障发育趋于完全。第三,采用嗜天青染色法研究浆细胞在乌鸡小肠内分布和数量变化规律,探明浆细胞在乌鸡肠道生长发育过程中发挥免疫作用的规律。结果表明浆细胞通过分泌抗体主要在乌鸡回肠内发挥免疫作用,5-7w是其发挥其免疫功能的关键时期。第四,采用石蜡切片甲苯胺蓝染色研究不同周龄乌鸡小肠黏膜内肥大细胞分布规律和发育变化规律及其发挥作用的关键时期。结果表明泰和乌鸡小肠内肥大细胞主要分布于回肠,5-7w是其发挥免疫功能的关键时期。第五,采用SABC法研究泰和乌鸡小肠黏膜内细胞因子IL-21的阳性细胞分布及变化规律,试验结果表明5-7w是肠道发育过程中肠道黏膜免疫系统IL-21发挥免疫作用的关键时期,IL-21主要在十二指肠内发挥免疫作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 silky fowls which have the high quality of protein are always choosen for nutritional necessitis. More content of8different kinds of microelement and more vitamins than the plant. The demand of silky fowls is increased and the premise of the cultivation of silky fowls is industrial integrity and a great quantity of findings. Thus, the research about the silky fowl’s productivity, feeding, management and disease prevention is indispensable.First,1-9weeks old silky fowls are used for this study for investigate the morphological structure of small intestine, The reasult shows that duodenum and jejunum have the same regularity of development and ileum shows the different regularity. This study provided the basis for cultivation.Second, the PAS staining showed that the developmental characteristic of goblet cells is similar with development of small intestinal morphology. Moreover, jejunum is the main functional site of intestinal mucosal immune system.Third, the azurophilic special staining was used in this study. The result shows that5-7weeks is the critical period about the change of immunifaction’s site of plasmocytes:they are educe the function of immunologic barrier in ileum before5-7weeks, on the contrary, after the5-7week is in duodenum.Forth, the paraffin section and toluidine blue special staining to investigate the distributional characteristics and the functional stage of mast cells which play an important role in the immunologic barrier. The reasult indicate that the most important functional stage of mast cells in immunologic barrier is5-7weeks, moreover, the site where mast cells play a role in immunologic barrier is1-7weeks’ileum,7-9weeks is jejunum.Fifth, The SABC immunohistochemistry method is used to investigate the cytokine’s distributional characteristics during development. The result shows that IL-21is mainly in the duodenum. Therefore, the most important functional stage of mucosal immune system that IL-21played a role in is5-7weeks and the mainly site is in duodenum.更多还原