【作者】 张波；

【导师】 安伟；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 地层水的PH值和矿物度检测（矿物度主要指对于氯离子检测）不但可以用于判断油井的出水层位、分析地下地质情况、分析油（气）储藏的条件，还可以了解地下水的运动和分布规律，为高效的寻找和开发油、气田有重要的意义。目前对于地层水的检测主要依靠实验室等常规分析方法，如摩尔法、比色法、电位分析等，不利于研究人员野外探矿对于地层水实时数据采集和分析。针对地层水检测的现状，本文提出了基于颜色传感器的试纸法检测地层水PH值和氯离子浓度的检测方法，经过充分考虑野外操作对于检测仪器便携、简单、准确、省电等要求，应用低功耗芯片，完成了检测仪的设计，为此做了以下工作：1.经过对PH值和氯离子浓度的检测方法比较，提出了试纸检测并通过‘电子眼’识别试纸颜色的方法，分析和研究了实现该方法的技术问题。2.通过对颜色检测方法和PH试纸与氯离子试纸的变色范围的研究，确定了颜色检测方法的光谱检测范围。经过对常用颜色空间的分析和研究，选择RGB了颜色空间，并完成了整个系统图的构造，以及提出了需要解决的关键问题，如外界环境影响因子、光路图的选择、光源稳定性、检测距离、定度曲线确定等。3.对颜色传感器种类研究，选择TCS3200为仪器颜色采集传感器，它内部集成的滤光片将输入的光中颜色单量RGB进分离，并通过单片机读取它们的强度。通过对颜色传感器校正方法，矩阵校正法和白平衡法的比较，选用白平衡校正法对传感器进行校正。用该颜色传感器搭建系统，为方案的可行性和精度分析提供了重要的研究手段，如外界温度、试纸检测距离、光源稳定性等进行了实验分析和验证。4.实验研究了颜色检测定度曲线的分析方法，针对颜色采集的参数为RGB（红绿蓝）三变量，属于多维空间数据拟合问题，对三个变量对应的PH值进行了散点图分析，并通过因素分离的单因素回归分析，多因素线性回归分析，以及非线性回归和神经网络等算法的分析，来寻找PH值或氯离子浓度与颜色分量RGB之间的数学关系。实验证明PH值的实验数据应用BP神经网络的预测结果与实际值吻合度较好；而氯离子的拟合结果不太好，综合分析用最小绝对值查表法作为氯离子的检测算法，使检测精度达到要求。5.在前面的研究基础上，分别对颜色采集探头、硬件电路、颜色检测和量化系统，系统软件展开了详细的设计，并对系统进行了实验验证。实验结果表明，本文提出的检测方法及设计的检测系统可以满足检测要求，具有实用价值。该方法可以推广到需要进行水质检测的各个行业。更多还原

【Abstract】 Formation water PH and mineral degree detection (mineral degree mainly refers to thechloride ion detection) not only can be used to judge the well out of the water layer and analysisof the underground geological situation, the analysis of oil (gas) storage conditions, can alsounderstand the groundwater movement and distribution, efficient search for and develop oil andgas field has important significance. Rely mainly on laboratory testing for formation water atpresent such as conventional analysis methods, such as Moore’s law, colorimetric method,potential analysis, etc., formation water is bad for the researchers in the field of exploration forreal-time data acquisition and analysis. In view of the situation of formation water detection, thispaper presents a test method based on color sensors detect formation water PH and chlorine ionconcentration detection method, after fully considering the field for testing instrument is portable,simple operation, accurate, save electricity, etc., application of low-power chips, completed thedesign of the detector, do the following work:1. After compareing the detection of the PH and chlorine ion concentration methods, putsforward the test to detect and, by using the method of ’digital’ identification paper color analysisand research for the realization of technical problems of this method.2. Based on the color and PH test paper and test method of chlorine ion test paper colorrange of the study, the color detection method of spectral detection range is determined. Throughanalysis and research to commonly used color space, choose RGB color space, and complete theconstruction of the entire system diagram, and puts forward the key problems need to be solved,such as environmental impact factors, the choice of light path diagram, light stability, detectiondistance, curve, etc.3. Through the study of color sensor types, choose TCS3200color acquisition sensor forinstrument, its internal integration of the filter will be input in the light of RGB color singlequantity into the separation, and through the MCU read their strength. Correction of color sensorcalibration method, matrix method and the white balance method of comparison, choose thewhite balance correction method for sensor calibration. Scaffolding system, use the color sensorfor the scheme is feasible and accuracy analysis provides an important research means, such asambient temperature, test paper detection distance, light stability and so on has carried on theexperimental analysis and validation.4. Experimental research on the degree of color detection on curve analysis method,according to color collection of parameters for the RGB (red, green and blue) three variables,belongs to the multidimensional space data fitting problem, the PH value of three variablescorresponding to the scatter plot analysis, and through the separation factor of single factorregression analysis, multiple regression analysis, factor analysis and nonlinear regression and neural network algorithm, to find the chlorine ion concentration and PH value or a mathematicalrelationship between the component of the RGB color. Experiments prove that the PH of theexperimental data of BP neural network is applied to forecast the result accord with actual valuedegree is better; And the fitting result of chloride ion is not very good, comprehensive analysisusing least absolute value as the chloride ion detection algorithm look-up table method, make theprecision of the testing requirements.5. Respectively on the basis of previous research, for color acquisition sensor, hardwarecircuit, color detection and quantification system and system software for detailed design, andthe experimental verification system.Experimental results show that the proposed detection method and the design of test systemcan meet the test requirements, has practical value. This method can be applied to variousindustries need a water test.更多还原