【作者】 王刚；

【导师】 胡国梁； 陈辉；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 轮机工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 船舶电力推进系统经常运行在不同工况下,负荷波动频繁且变化范围大,因此研究不同运行工况对船舶电网与电力推进系统特性的影响具有直接现实意义。利用建模与仿真的研究手段,探索船舶电力推进系统在稳态及动态运行时的工作特性,获取系统知识,对船舶电力推进系统的设计和使用能起到理论预报和指导作用。本文主要从船舶电力推进系统数学模型的归纳与总结、基于三电平逆变器的异步电动机直接转矩控制技术的研究、系统仿真模型的构建与有效性验证、船舶各种运行工况的仿真分析等方面展开研究。主要进行了以下几方面的工作：第一,归纳了船舶电力推进系统主要组成部分的数学模型,包括柴油机动力学模型、三相同步发电机及励磁控制系统模型、三绕组变压器模型、变频器(整流单元为12脉波不可控整流电路,逆变单元为二极管箝位型三电平逆变器)模型、推进电机模型以及适合四象限工况的船机桨模型等。第二,介绍了基于三电平逆变器的异步电动机直接转矩控制技术,分析了直接转矩控制的基本原理和结构,包括三种定子磁链观测模型、电磁转矩观测模型、速度调节器、电磁转矩调节器、磁链调节器以及基于虚拟合成矢量的空间电压矢量开关表。第三,利用Saber仿真软件的基础元器件及自带MAST语言对子系统的数学模型搭建了相应的仿真模型,并对子系统的仿真模型分别进行了有效性验证,最终将子系统模型集成为完整的船舶电力推进系统仿真模型。第四,利用所构建的系统仿真模型,进行了典型工况(起航、停车、倒航)、特殊工况(螺旋桨受阻、出水、脱落)、故障工况(发电机单相接地、三相短路故障)的仿真实验及分析,研究了不同运行工况下船舶电网与电力推进系统在稳态及动态工作时的响应特性,增加了对电力推进系统的认识。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the electric propulsion system often work under different operating conditions, the load is large variable in frequent, so it is really significant to do the study of characteristic on the ship power system and electric propulsion system influenced by the operating conditions. Through modeling and simulation research of marine electrical propulsion system, we can explore the operating characteristics of the system in the steady-state and dynamic run-time, and get more system knowledge. It’s helpful to provide the theoretical prediction and direction value for the designs and application of marine electrical propulsion system.The research develops from the following parts:mathematic modeling of marine electrical propulsion system, study of direct torque control of induction motor drive based on diode-clamped three-level inverter, simulation modeling and validation of marine electrical propulsion system, simulation and analysis of various operating conditions of the system. The thesis mainly includes four aspects:Firstly, mathematical model is established for the main parts of marine electrical propulsion system, including diesel engine dynamic model, three-phase synchronous generator and excitation control system model, three-winding transformer model, frequency converter model(the rectifier unit is12pulse uncontrolled circuit, the inverter unit is the diode neutral point clamped three-level inverter,), propulsion motor model and ship-machine-propeller model.Secondly, direct torque control of induction motor drive based on diode-clamped three-level inverter is introduced, also the principles and basic structure of DTC is analyzed, including three flux observation models, electromagnetic torque observation models, speed regulator, electromagnetic torque regulator, motor state flux regulator and voltage-space-vector table based on synthesizing vectors.Thirdly, according to the mathematic models, the simulation models of them are established by using the components and MAST language of the Saber simulation software. The validation of the subsystem simulation models are verified respectively, and finally integrate the subsystem models to the whole simulation model of marine electrical propulsion system.Fourthly, by using system simulation model, the typical working conditions (starting, braking, reversing), extreme working conditions (the propeller impeded, out of the water, dropped off) and the fault working conditions (single phase grounding fault of generator, three-phase short-circuit fault) are simulated. The simulation results are analyzed to find out the operating characteristics of the power system and electric propulsion system in the steady-state and dynamic run-time, and to get more knowledge about marine electrical propulsion system.更多还原