【作者】 张政；

【导师】 夏涛；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 控制科学与工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 在现代化工生产过程中，使用化学品产生出的产品极大的改善了人们的生活，但是其固有的化学危险性给人们的生产生活和生命财产安全带来了极大的影响。射频识别技术和无线传输技术的快速发展，为室内定位系统提供了一种快速有效的监测手段，进而为危险化学品在室内的存储和移动提供了重要的研究途径。本文主要是实现对危险化学品在室内存储和移动的定位监控，通过对定位系统的功能和需求分析，提出一套高效的室内定位系统的方案设计。系统采用非接触式的具有自动识别的射频技术（RFID）和具有快速高效的无线传输技术(ZIGBEE)相结合的方式进行整体方案的设计，并对系统进行可靠性分析。系统的构成主要包括RFID信息采集子系统、ZIGBEE信息传输子系统、数据处理中心以及定位监控子系统。系统的实现首先是通过对RFID和ZIGBEE硬件数据接口和功能代码的实现，保证RFID读写器和ZIGBEE无线传输节点对数据采集和传输的实时性和可靠性；其次在数据处理中心模块中提出了内存数据库和关系型数据库相结合的方式进行数据的存储和读取，并完成数据库的选取和相关的设计以及安全备份方式的实现；采用新提出的基于信号强度指示法的随机数直接搜索(NLJ)质心加权算法对数据处理中心的数据进行数据定位处理，新算法通过不断搜索和减少搜索空间范围找到被定位点的最优值，使之更加接近定位点的实际值，并且通过对ZigBee基站节点数量和定位误差平均值的利用情况，得出使用该算法所需节点设备的最佳数量；最后采用C/S结构进行定位监控软件设计，以Visual Studio2005为开发平台，实现对危险化学品在室内的位置定位、监控节点失效报警以及路径查询等关键功能。本文定位系统有效的实现了对危险化学品在室内的监控，减少了危险事故的发生，对危险化学品的管理提供了可靠的途径。同时该系统具体良好的实用性和通用型，可以应用到地下煤矿人员定位、超市食品定位以及物流管理等方面，进而提高管理效率和经济效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the modern chemical production process, although the productionsmade by chemicals have improved people’s life, the inherent risk of thesechemicals have great influences on the people’s life and safety of property.With the rapid development of wireless transmission technology as well asradio frequency identification technology, a fast and effective monitoringmethod could be provided for indoor positioning system, and it also providesimportant avenues of research in indoor storage and movement aboutdangerous chemicals.This paper is mainly discussing how to complete the positioning andmonitoring for the storage and moving of hazardous chemicals. Throughanalysising the fuction and requirement of the indoor positioning system, thedesign of an efficient indoor positioning system is proposed in this paper. Inthe positioning system, a combination of radio frequency identification (RFID)which is a non-contact and automatic technology and wireless transmissiontechnology (ZIGBEE) with fast and effect feature is used in the design scheme.The dependability of the system is also analysised. The system is composed of RFID information acquisition subsystem, ZIGBEE information transmissionsubsystem, data processing center and the positioning monitoring subsystem.Firstly, the realization of the system is implementation of the RFID andZIGBEE hardware interface and function code so that it can ensure the RFIDreader and ZIGBEE wireless transmission nodes real-time performance andreliability of data acquisition and transmission. Secondly, a combination of thememory database and relational database put forward in the data processingmodule is in order to store and read the data. Also complete the choice anddesign of the database as well as backup method. Thirdly, an improvementmethod of weighted centroid localization algorithm which uses the NewLuus-jaakola (NLJ) method to optimize the node positon is introduced basedon received signal strength indicator in wireless sensor network in this paper.The new algorithm can reduce effectively the searching space and find rapidlythe optimal value by constantly searching. In the proposed algorithm, theposition of unknown node is closer to the actual location. Though the use ofthe number of ZigBee nodes and error average, the optimum number ofZigBee nodes can be calculate. Lastly, C/S structure is used to design thepositioning software with Visual Studio2005as the development platform.The positioning system finally realized the location of chemicals, the alarm ofthe failure nodes and the history path of chemicals.The positioning system is effective to achieve the monitoring ofdangerous chemicals indoor. It also reduces the risk of accidents and provides a reliable way for the management of hazardous chemicals. At the same timethe system has specific good practicability and universal feature, and it can beapplid to the personnel positioning of underground coal mine, the location ofsupermarket food and logistics management, and improve the managementefficiency and economic benefit. At last, the positioning system can improvethe management efficiency and economic benefit.更多还原