【作者】 杨超；

【导师】 王雷；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 控制科学与工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 随着科技的发展、社会的进步,人们对工作生活环境质量的要求也越来越高。空调系统作为调节空气质量的一种有效手段,其应用范围越来越广,使用数量也日益增加。与此同时造成了能源的大量消耗。在全球提倡节能减排的今天,如何处理好人们的生活环境质量和节约能源之间矛盾已成为亟待解决的问题之一。冷梁因具有节能、体积小、安装方便、舒适性高等优点,已成为一种颇具潜力的新兴空调技术。但在我国,冷梁的使用并不普遍,对冷梁控制的研究也处于起步阶段。本文在对冷梁系统综述的基础上,通过参与建设某高校中央空调节能控制理论与应用研究实验装置项目,对主动式冷梁空调系统进行了设计,并对其控制策略进行了研究。首先,根据该实验室的实际情况和设计要求,设计了主动式冷梁空调系统。通过计算室内的冷湿负荷,确定了冷梁和空气处理机组等设备的型号。并根据冷梁的工作原理和气流组织形式,设计了相应的水路系统和风路系统。其次,基于ARM系列单片机设计了主动式冷梁空调系统的控制器。硬件方面,控制器采用ARM系列单片机,采集风路和水路温湿度、压力等信号,用以控制风机转速、风阀开度和水阀开度等控制参数。软件方面,基于μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统,将任务划分为通讯任务、数据采集任务、数据处理任务和液晶显示等任务。设计的控制器实现了系统的各种信号数据的采集、处理、分析、控制和与上位机的通讯功能。再次,设计了主动式冷梁空调系统控制算法,实现了主动式冷梁空调系统的节能控制。控制系统划分为三部分,包括空气处理机组控制算法、冷冻站系统控制算法和主动式冷梁循环回路控制算法。空气处理机组部分选用二氧化碳浓度调节进入室内的新风量,采用静压法控制空气处理机组的送风量,送风温度和送风湿度的控制则采用了冬夏不同的控制策略；冷冻站系统部分选用温差控制法来调节循环水泵的开度,选用压差控制法来控制旁通阀的开度；ACB冷梁部分选用压差控制法来控制进入冷梁的水量,通过温差控制法来控制换热器循环水侧的水量。通过安装结露控制器,防止冷梁出现结露问题。最后,针对主动式冷梁空调系统进行行了实验研究,并于传统的变风量空调系统进行对比,实验结果表明主导式冷梁空调系统具有明显的节能优势,最大可以实现30%的节能效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of science and technology, there are more increasing concerns on the quality of working and living environment. As an effective means of adjusting air quality, the air-conditioning systems are becoming increasingly popular all over the world. When bringing comfortable environment to people, the air-conditioning systems waste a lot of energy. It is a well-known fact that the problem of saving energy has become more and more fundamental and it is under discussion since the last decades. So how to deal with the contradiction between the quality of people’s living environment and energy savings has become one of the urgent problems to be solved.There are many advantages of chilled beam, such as energy saving, small size, easy installation and comfort, which make chilled beam become one of potential emerging air-conditioning technologies. However, presently domestic study of chilled beams is in its infancy and further exploration is still on the way. This paper analyses active chilled beam air-conditioning system configuration and operation principle and its control method, based on the project of central air-conditioning energy-saving control theory and application lab.Firstly, the active chilled beam air-conditioning system is designed. According to the actual situation of the lab and design requirements, the indoor cold moisture load is calculated to determine active chilled beam, air handing unit (AHU) and other equipment. And the waterway and air duct are designed base on the principle of the system.Secondly, the system controller is designed. The ARM micro-controller is chosen as the CPU in hardware. And the temperature and pressure are gathered in the branch and waterway, which are used to control the fan speed and to set the opening of air valve and water valve. In software, the system is divided into communication task, data acquisition task, data processing task and LCD display task, based on the uC/OS-H operating system. The function of the controller consists of the signal acquisition, processing, analysis and communication with the computer. Thirdly, the active chilled beam air-conditioning control algorithm is designed to realize the system to run with low power consumption. The control algorithm consists of AHU control algorithm, the freezing station system control algorithm and active chilled beam control algorithm. In the AHU part, carbon dioxide concentration method is selected to adjust fresh air volume, and the static pressure method is used to control supply volume. The strategy of controlling supply air temperature and humidity varies from seasons. Differential temperature method is adopted to regulate the circulating water pump in the freezing station system part. The opening of the bypass valve is controlled through differential pressure method. The volume of the heat exchanger circulating water is adjusted by differential temperature of active chilled beam. The condensation can be voided through the dewing controller.Finally, the performance of active chilled beam air-conditioning system is tested, comparing to Variable air volume air-conditioning system in the same environment. Experimental results show that active chilled beams air-conditioning system has obvious energy-saving advantages and the system can save energy up to30%.更多还原