【作者】 杨海涛；

【导师】 刘军民；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 随着航海技术的快速发展,船舶朝着大型化、高速化方向不断演变。海上运输业务的持续增加,使得海上船舶密度随之增大,传统的避碰设备已无法满足现代船舶管理的要求。在此情况下AIS应运而生相对于传统的船舶避碰设备,AIS具有定位精度高、受天气及地形影响小、可提供丰富的静态及动态信息等优点。同时,AIS在不同工作阶段采用不同的TDMA协议,可在无岸台设备干预的情况下自主分配传输时隙发送信息并有效的避免时隙冲突。基于上述诸多优点,IMO国际航海组织强制要求多数船舶安装AIS以提高航海安全性,使得该系统在世界范围内得到广泛的应用。本文在对AIS的理论研究基础上,对该系统进行了软硬件模拟实现。主要工作有：1、利用NS2网络仿真软件对AIS网络进行仿真,实现了其传输时隙的自主分配功能,并利用所得结果对AIS运行过程中出现的分配时隙失败概率与网络容量及信息报告速率的关系进行了分析。2、硬件模拟实现了AIS设备。利用单片机及其它外围芯片,实现了AIS数据的NRZI码型变换、HDLC协议、GMSK/FM调制解调等功能,并按照AIS的时隙分配协议进行通信。3、利用VC6.0实现了上位机软件,通过串口接收模拟设备发送的数据,并在界面上显示结果以验证硬件设计是否正确,同时在地图上将从模拟设备接收到的GPS位置信息进行标注,实现了定位的要求。本文最后对AIS模拟设备的通信结果进行了分析。结果显示,该模拟设备定位精度较高,通信正常,且其采用的时隙分配协议符合ITU发布的AIS标准规定。更多还原

【Abstract】 As rapid development of navigation technology, vessels develop towards large-scale and high speed. And the density of vessels becomes more and more larger as the increase of sea service. Traditional equipments can’t satisfy the needs of vessel management. AIS is widely used under this condition.Compared with traditional equipments, AIS has more advantages such as it can provide more accurate positioning information and has week influence related to the weather and terrain, and in addition, it can provide abundant dynamic and static information. At the same time, AIS can allocate transmission slots in the condition of no base station using different types of TDMA in different working stage. So IMO forces most of the ships to equip this system to improve the security, and that leads to the widespread use of AIS in the world.Based on the deep research of AIS, this paper simulatively implement this system using software and hardware. The main tasks are:a. We simulate the time slot allocation protocol using NS2and realize the automatic allocation of transmission slot protocol, and then analyse the relationship among the probability of failure of slot allocation, network volume and message report rate based on the simulation results.b. We simulate AIS using hardware, including NRZI, HDLC protocol, GMSK/FM. And then we realize the time slot allocation protocol and transmit data in the appropriate slots.c. We implement upper computer software using VC6.0, and receive data from the simulative system via serial port to test if the system works correctly. At last we take advantage of the Google map to show the GPS information and meet the demand of positioning.At last this paper analysises the communication results of the simulative device. The results show that this device has high positioning accuracy and can communicate normally.At the same time the slot allocation protocol conforms with the regulations that published by ITU.更多还原