【作者】 刘威；

【导师】 邹海峰；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 三元复合驱技术在大幅度提高原油采收率的同时，采出液乳化现象日益严重，油水分离难度明显增大。前期开展的关于三元复合驱采出液油水乳化研究，主要集中在驱油剂对采出液油水乳化、稳定性影响以及开发相应油水分离技术方面，对驱油剂与油藏矿物作用产生的新生活性物质对采出液分离特性的影响研究较少。本文通过恒温动态浸泡的方式，模拟三元复合驱注入液与地层中油藏矿物的相互作用，系统研究了驱油剂与油藏矿物的相互作用规律。采用含离子水与浸泡后溶液混合老化的方式模拟地层水与浸泡后溶液的相互作用，通过微滤膜法分离模拟采出水中的新生物质。采用扫描电镜、能谱分析和X-射线衍射等现代测试手段研究了浸泡后固体样本的组分变化和溶蚀特征、新生物质的形貌和组成以及新生物质对模拟采出液分离特性的影响机制。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱和离子色谱分析技术对在不同浸泡条件下制备的模拟采出液进行了油水分离特性以及油水界面性质进行了检测，研究了浸泡后溶液的离子组成，确定了三元复合驱注入液对地层的溶蚀情况，探讨和总结了三元复合驱采出液中的新生物质对采出液分离特性的影响机理和规律。主要得出如下结论：（1）三元注入液在注入过程中，对天然岩心及其主要矿物组分石英、长石、伊利石、高岭土均有不同程度的溶蚀，油藏矿物表面无明显不溶性新生矿物附着；三元注入液与油藏矿物作用过程中产生的主要溶蚀离子为Si4+和Al3+。（2）三元复合驱注入液与油藏矿物作用后，再与地层水混合，会导致混合液过饱和，析出方解石、非晶质二氧化硅等新生矿物微粒；碱土金属离子单独存在时，对新生物质生成量影响较小，而三元注入液中CO2-3的存在，致使采出液中产生的新生物质含量增多。（3）三元复合驱注入液与油藏矿物和油藏水作用产生的方解石、非晶质二氧化硅微粒吸附在油水界面上，形成较大的空间位阻，阻碍油珠之间的相互聚并，致使三元复合驱采出液的油水分离难度大幅度增大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Polymer flooding and ASP (alkaline, surfactant, polymer) flooding have been widelytested in Daqing Oilfield. While significant decrease of water-cut of produced liquid andincrease of oil production have been achieved, the stability of produced liquid wasenhanced and the difficulty of oil-water separation was significantly increased. The earlyresearch was mainly focused on the influence of ASP components on the emulsification,stabilization and destabilization of ASP flooding produced liquid. However, few studieshave been done on the effect of the new-born minerals, which was produced by theinteraction between the injection liquids and reservoir core in the separation performanceof produced fluid.In this work, the interaction between reservoir core and the injection liquids ofalkali-surfactant-polymer(ASP) flood was systematically studied. The interaction wassimulated using dynamic immersion method under constant temperature45℃.In order to investigate the variation of ASP Components during the interactingprocess, viscosity, concentration of OH-and surfactant of the supernatant from the mixtureunder different immersion conditions was analyzed. Kinetic model of alkali consumptionwas established. To determined the change of reservoir core, the composition anddissolution characteristics of the core after immersion were analyzed using scanningelectron microscope, energy spectrum, and x-ray diffraction analysis. For confirming thedissolution of ions from the reservoir core, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometrywas used to analyze the supernatant. Then, the simulated produced water was prepared bythe supernatant and water contained Ca, Mg ion etc. after7days aging process, the solidparticles existed in simulated produced water were separated and characterized forrevealing the new-born minerals produced by the interaction between the injection liquidsand reservoir core. Finally, the influence of the new-born minerals on the separation characteristics of simulated produced fluids was studied.The main conclusions of this paper were as follows.(1) ASP components eroded the natural core and its main composition, such as quartz,feldspar, illite and kaolinite, at different degree. There were no visible new-born mineralson the core. The main water-soluble content was Si4+and Al3+.(2) The injection liquids of ASP flood mixed with formation water after the reactionwith reservoir core. This resulted in the formation of supersaturated aqueous. New-bornminerals such as calcite and amorphous silica particles etc. were formed. In the process,the presence of alkaline earth metal ions alone has little influence on the formation amountof the new-born minerals. The combination of CO32-and alkaline earth metal ions led tothe increase of new-born minerals in produced liquid.(3) Calcite and amorphous silica particles, which was formed during the interactionamong reservoir core, the injection liquids of ASP flood and formation water, adsorbed onthe oil-water interface, produced steric hindrance. which hindered the oil dropletcoalescence with each other and increased the difficulty of oil-water separation.更多还原