【作者】 王喆；

【导师】 许玉镇；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 公共管理， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪80年代以来，非政府组织逐渐步入社会管理领域和广大民众视野。非政府组织作为政府组织的有益补充，在当今社会生活、公共管理、医疗救助等方面发挥了积极作用。深化我国社会政治经济改革和发展的同时，非政府组织的发展遭遇了诸多困难和瓶颈。非政府医疗救助组织是非政府组织的重要组成部分，它除具有一般非政府组织的特征外，还有其特殊之处即专业性较强，如救助艾滋病、先天性心脏病、白血病等等，并对治疗其他一些特殊类疾病起到了宣传、普及疾病知识和预防疾病发生的重要作用，但限于其自身规模、专业技能、人员素质等方面，在某种程度上阻碍了其在疾病防治、医疗救助等方面作出更大的贡献。本文运用公共管理理论，对我国非政府组织在参与医疗救助中的问题进行单独研究和分析，旨在进一步明确非政府组织参与医疗救助的政策、途径和措施，引导和规范非政府医疗救助组织发展，进而弥补政府部门的力所不及。本文除绪论外，共分四部分：一是分析中国开展医疗救助工作现状。政府作为单一主体的社会医疗救助存在不可避免的局限性，主要是政府财力有限、救助的低效率和不平衡性，并分析了非政府组织参与医疗救助发挥作用的定位。二是分析中国非政府组织参与医疗救助现状和存在的问题。亟待解决资金短缺，筹措资金能力不强；专业人才匮乏，从业人员素质参差不齐；法律体系有漏洞，管理规范滞后；政府支持和监督管理力度不够等问题。三是以中国红十字基金会和美国非政府医疗救助组织为例，提出国内外非政府组织参与医疗救助案例的借鉴经验，即结合实际，积极探索中国特色的非政府组织发展之路；坚持财政税收政策的基础和导向作用，实现政府与社会组织的合作双赢；注重培育发展与监督管理并重，切实发挥非政府组织积极作用；提高项目载体创新和自律能力，不断加强非政府组织软实力建设。四是研究促进中国非政府组织参与医疗救助的对策。进一步明确非政府组织在医疗救助中的优势和作用，提出促进非政府组织参与医疗救助的具体建议。非政府组织在我国社会发展中处于起步阶段，社会地位和作用发挥极为有限，民众认知度和参与性亟待提升，非政府组织发展外界的法律政策环境保障不够，内部机构设置、运行机制和能力水平尚显不足。如今随着我国经济社会转型加快，改革开放成效彰显，我们有理由相信我国非政府组织将在这重大发展机遇期中逐步兴起，影响作用日益扩大，不仅仅包括医疗救助乃至各个领域担当更大的社会建设和社会治理任务，推动和促进公共服务体系发展和完善，影响并优化社会公共决策和资源，在构建社会主义和谐社会中扮演愈加重要的角色。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the1980s, the Non-governmental Organization gradually entered the field ofsocial management and the view of general public. As a useful supplement togovernmental organizations, NGO has played an active role in today’s social life, publicadministration and medical assistance. With the depth of our social and economicdevelopment and political reform, the development of NGO encountered manydifficulties and bottlenecks. Non-governmental Medical Assistance Organization is animportant part of NGO. In addition to the basic characteristics of the general NGO, ithas the unique positions, which are highly specialized, such as assistance of AIDS,congenital heart disease, leukemia, and also has played an important role in propaganda,popularizing the knowledge of disease and prevention related to the treatment of theother special diseases. But limitations to its own size, professional skills, quality ofpersonnel, hinder it from making greater contributions to disease prevention, medicalassistance and other aspects in a way. The thesis applies the public management theory,respectively researches and analyzes on the issues of NGO participation in medicalassistance, designed to further clarify the policies, approaches and measures when NGOparticipates in medical assistance, and study the problems of non-governmental medicalassistance organization so as to guide and regulate their development, which makes upfor beyond the government’s force.Apart from the introduction, the thesis consists of four parts. Part one is theanalysis on status of medical assistance in China. The government has the inevitablelimitations as the sole subject of social medical assistance, who mainly exists low efficiency, imbalance of limited financial resources. The part also researches thelocalization of NGO to participate in medical assistance function. The second partstudies on the problems and causes of medical assistance of NGO in China, butproblems need to be solved immediately such as the shortage of funds, lack of capitalraising capacity; short of professionals and uneven quality of practitioners, loopholes inlegal system, lag of management standards, and the problem of inadequate support andsupervision on management from the government. Part three connects with theexperience of domestic and international NGO involved in the cases of medicalassistance, taking Chinese Red Cross Foundation and the U.S. non-governmentalmedical relief organization as the examples, associated with the practices to explore theroad for NGO development with Chinese characteristics, adhering to the foundation andguiding role of financial and tax policy to achieve a win-win cooperation of governmentand social organizations, to focus on nurturing both the development and supervisionand play an active role of NGO, to enforce the innovation and self-discipline of projectcarrier and continue to strengthen the soft power construction. Part four is the researchon the countermeasures to promote the China’ NGO to participate in medical assistance.How to clear the advantages and functions of NGO, and renders the advice to promotethe medical assistance.NGO are still at the primary stage in China’s society, Social status and role islimited，mass participation and cognition need to promote. The legal policy environment,internal organizational structure and operating mechanism are not enough. With therapid economical development and social transformation, the reform and open up policyhas been fruitful, we believe that the China’s NGO in the conditions of such a series ofmajor opportunities can grow and develop quickly. In the medical assistance and othervarious fields it will optimize social resources, better deliver public services, contributeto more extensive and in depth social governance, advocate actively and effectivelyaffecting the social and public decision making process and become an increasinglyimportant force when building a harmonious socialist society. There are a number offactors and conditions boosting NGO to play a more and more important role in the economic and social development.更多还原