【作者】 张丽；

【导师】 范体军；

【作者基本信息】 华东理工大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 现代物流与供应链的高效管理成为企业竞争力的核心,而当前库存不准确问题广泛存在于在供应链各个环节,势必影响供应链整体绩效。无线射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification, RFID)技术作为21世纪物联网关键技术的排头兵,以其自身非接触自动识别的特点成为解决供应链中库存不准确问题最有效的途径之一。但一方面供应链企业不能直观地分析出投资RFID技术是否有足够大的回报,另一方面RFID的应用给传统的供应链协调提出了新的课题。因此,研究基于RFID的供应链协调和投资策略意义重大。不同于以往的研究仅仅考虑供应链中库存损耗或库存错放特定类型的库存不准确性问题,本文考虑库存损耗和库存错放两种情况同时存在的库存不准确问题,采用数理模型的研究方法,利用改进的报童模型和供应链契约对单生产商和单零售商组成的两级零售型供应链中RFID投资决策和协调问题进行了定量研究。首先,在未采用RFID技术的零售型供应链中,同时考虑商品错放和损耗引起的库存不准确问题,分别建立了集中型与分散型供应链模型,研究了商品错放和损耗对最优订货量和供应链利润的影响。同时为消除双重边际化效应带来的影响,实现供应链整体绩效最优,针对分散型供应链设计了回购契约,构建了分散型供应链回购契约协调模型。其次,考虑引入RFID技术消除库存不准确问题,构建了采用RFID技术的集中与分散型供应链回购契约协调模型,分析了RFID技术的应用对供应链利润及其协调策略的影响。最后,通过对投资RFID技术前后供应链各方利润的对比和分析,得出了RFID技术的投资决策条件,并设计算例对所建模型进行了验证与分析,为供应链中相关企业实施RFID技术提供了理论参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Efficient management of modern logistics and supply chain has become the core competence of enterprise. Inventory inaccuracies are prevalent in supply chain and bound to affect the performance of supply chain. Radio-frequency identification technology has been publicized as one of the most effective solutions for inventory inaccuracies. But the supply chain enterprises cannot directly analyze whether there is a large enough return on investment of RFID technology. On the other hand the application of RFID raises a new issue on the traditional supply chain coordination.Therefore the study of supply chain coordination mechanism and investment decision-making based on RFID is significant.Unlike previous studies which only consider inventory shrinkage or misplacement, from the perspective of supply chain coordination, this paper conducts a research on RFID technology investment decision-making in a two-level retail supply chain suffering from inventory misplacement and shrinkage.Firstly, we construct the centralized and decentralized supply chain models and analyze the effect of inventory inaccuracies on the optimal order quantity and expected profits of supply chain. In order to eliminate the double marginalization effect, buy back contracts is introduced to realize supply chain coordination. Secondly, this paper applies RFID technology to reduce inventory inaccuracies and establishes corresponding mathematical models. Then the models of the supply chain with and without RFID technology are both constructed. Through comparison and analysis of the profits of the supply chain before and after the investment of RFID technology, the cost threshold at which RFID adoption becomes profitable for both partners in retail supply chain is obtained. This paper can provide a theoretical reference for supply chain enterprises in making decision on RFID implementation.更多还原