【作者】 王冬梅；

【导师】 郑风家；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 体育（专业学位）， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 初中毕业升学体育考试，简称体育中考。此外，还有中考体育，中招体育，体育加试，加试体育的几种称谓。体育中考是全面贯彻党的教育方针，坚持学校教育要树立“健康第一”的指导思想，促进社会、学校、家长对学生体质状况的关心和重视，增强学生体质的重要举措之一。二十世纪八十年代初，在应试教育的大背景下，各级教育部门对学校体育重视不够，体育课被挤占的情况严重，学生在校的体育锻炼时间得不到保证，学生体质有所下降。为了改变这种状况，使学生体质不在下降，国家早在1987年开始推行体育中考（试行）制度。随着新课程标准的深入实施，学校体育改革的春风早已吹遍了神州大地，在学校体育改革中有关体育中考的问题占有明显的地位。本研究以白城市10所初中实施体育中考的现状为研究对象，旨在探讨建立一套简单易行较为科学严密的测试措施与方法以及评价体系，进一步完善体育中考制度，实现学校体育改革与发展相一致，使白城市体育中考更加规范化，公平化，合理化和人性化，促使白城市初中实施体育中考能够健康可持续发展。本研究选取白城市10所初中为研究样本，采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计等研究方法，对课题内容进行研究与分析。调查结果表明：1、体育中考在白城市引起了学校和社会的高度重视，被社会广泛认可和接受。体育中考是推动学生积极参与体育锻炼，增强学生体质，强化学生终身锻炼的体育意识，营造良好的体育环境的重要措施。通过体育中考促进学校加强体育教学改革，加强体育器材、场地、设施的维修与配备。从而保证体育中考的顺利进行，促进体育中考的良性发展。2、白城市初中体育教师师资力量强大，而且有实施体育中考的直接实践经验。白城市位于吉林省西北部，地理条件优越，经济发展较快，群众体育基础良好。纵观白城市实施体育中考十几年的经历，对于考核项目的设立，根据调查问卷结果，经专家论证，从本地区实际出发，确立白城市体育中考考核项目为：50米跑、100米跑、立定跳远、800米跑（女）、1000米跑（男）、掷实心球、一分钟仰卧起坐（女）、一分钟跳绳，可以看出项目的设置比较合理。3、白城市体卫艺处领导和初中学校领导大力支持，为白城市初中体育中考的顺利实施，提供政策性保障和必备条件。特别是体育中考按一定比例进入“中考”总分之后，体育中考受关注程度更高，据调查北京、上海、南京、厦门、河南郑州、山东威海等许多省份都纷纷提高体育中考的分值，幅度从30分至40分、40分至50分、50分至60分，甚至高达70分，根据白城市历年体育中考成绩的统计结果来看，白城市体育中考的分值也有逐年上升的趋势。4、由于体育中考备受学校和社会关注，涉及到每个学生的切身利益，关系到千家万户。因此，体育中考也受到上级教育主管部门的高度重视，尤其是体育中考过程中的学生人身安全问题更是重中之重，教育主管部门和学校更是加大力度，做到防患于未然。但是有关体育中考的意外伤害事故并没有找到确切的司法解释，学校体育保险作用不大，形同虚设。主要结论：1、白城市初中实施体育中考具备了良好的主观条件，白城市教育主管部门、体卫艺领导、初中体育教师、初三学生对体育中考认可和接受。2、白城市初中实施体育中考具备了较完善的客观条件。体育中考与体育教学是一种相互促进的关系；体育中考项目的设置较为合理；体育中考考核标准和分数逐年提高。3、白城市初中实施体育中考的安全保障措施较为完整到位。4、体育中考的意外伤害事故没有法律保障;学校体育保险作用不大，形同虚设。更多还原

【Abstract】 Grammar school entrance sports examination and physicalexamination for short. In addition, there are physical examination,physical, physical test, adding several sports titles. Physical examinationis of comprehensively implementing the party’s education policy, adhereto the school to set up "health first" guiding ideology, social, school,parent concern and attention to the physical Constitution of students, oneof the important measures for enhancing students ’ physical fitness.In the early1980of the20th century, in the context ofexamination-oriented education, Ministry of education departments at alllevels of school physical education give inadequate attention to, arecrowding out the serious situation of PE course, physical training ofstudents at the school were not guaranteed, physical fitness of studentsdeclined. In order to change this situation, bring down the students ’ physical fitness is not, the State launched the physical examination asearly as1987(pilot) system.Along with the in-depth implementation of the new curriculumstandards, reform of school physical education in the spring breeze hasblown all over China, and issues related to physical examination in thereform of school physical education occupies a significant position.This research to White City junior high schools for the study,focusing on the establishment of a simple scientific evaluation system ofstrict test measures and methods, as well as, to further improve the systemof physical examination, consistent implementation of reform anddevelopment of school physical education, sporting more standardizedexamination in Baicheng city, fair, rationalization and humane, to WhiteCity junior high school physical examination of health and sustainabledevelopment.Study on the White City Harvest10junior samples for research,questionnaire of literature and law, law, mathematics and statistics,research methods, research and analysis of subjects. Survey results show that:1, physical examination in Baicheng city caused great attention tothe school and community, is widely recognized and accepted by society.Physical examination is to promote students ’ active participation inphysical exercise, enhancing students ’ physical fitness, enhance studentlife-long sports consciousness of exercise, create an important part ofgood sports environment. Promoting the teaching reform of schoolphysical education through physical examination, physical educationequipment, premises, maintenance of facilities and equipment. So as toensure the smooth progress of the physical examination, promote thehealthy development of physical examination.2teachers of physicaleducation teachers in junior high school, White City strong and directexperience of the physical education senior high school entranceexamination. Northwest of Baicheng city, Jilin province, geographicalcondition is superior, faster economic development, good SportsFoundation. Throughout Baicheng city implementation sports senior highschool entrance examination a dozen years of experience, for assessmentproject of established, under investigation questionnaire results, by expert demonstration, from local area actual start, established Baicheng citysports senior high school entrance examination assessment project for:50m run, and100m run, and standing long jump, and800m run (female),and1000m run (men), and threw medicine ball, and a minutes sit up(female), and a minutes skipping, can see project of set comparisonreasonable.3, White City medical arts leader and junior school leadersupport, for the smooth implementation of Baicheng city middle schoolphysical examination, providing policy support and the necessaryconditions. Especially sports senior high school entrance examinationentered "senior high school entrance examination" total zhihou, sportssenior high school entrance examination by concern degree more high,according to investigation Beijing, and Shanghai, and Nanjing, andXiamen, and Henan Zhengzhou, and Shandong Weihai, many provincesare have improve sports senior high school entrance examination of score,range from30min to40min, and40min to50min, and50min to60min, even up to70Min, under Baicheng city over sports senior highschool entrance examination results of statistics results view, Baicheng city sports senior high school entrance examination of score also hasevery year rose of trend.4, due to the physical examination for muchconcern to the school and community, involves the vital interests of eachstudent, related to millions of households. Therefore, physicalexamination also attaches by departments in charge of higher education,especially in process of physical examination for safety issues are a toppriority, education authorities and schools are more power, prevention.But accidental injury about physical examination did not find the exactinterpretation of school sports insurance little, useless.The main conclusions:1, White City junior high school physical education senior highschool entrance examination with a good subjective conditions, educationauthorities, medical arts leadership in Baicheng city, junior high schoolphysical education teacher, junior high school students on physicalexamination for approval and acceptance.2, White City junior high school physical education senior highschool entrance examination with the objective conditions for the better. Sports and physical education examination is a mutually reinforcingrelationship between; sports item set more reasonable examination;physical examination for evaluation criteria and scores improve year byyear.3, White City junior high school physical education examination forsafety and security measures more complete.4no legal protection, physical examination of accident injuryaccidents; the school sports insurance is not useless.更多还原