【作者】 王平；

【导师】 张四友；

【作者基本信息】 武汉科技大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 语言是人类重要的交际工具，而以语言形式之一的语篇为主要载体的交际则是人类社会活动中不可缺少的重要组成部分。但语篇交际要在一定的语境下进行，脱离了语境交际便很难成功，因而语境就成为了语言学研究中一个很重要的概念，国内外的许多语言学家都对此进行过研究，如社会语言学家、人类语言学家、心理语言学家等等，他们运用不同的分析方法，从不同的角度对语境进行深入的探讨，尤其是对语篇与语境各自的定义和两者的关系的研究随处可见，但其注意力主要集中在语篇与语境之间的相互预测性上，而通过语篇研究其对语境的顺应性却为数不多。语篇可分为口语语篇和书面语篇，本论文主要是运用维索尔伦在其著作《语用学新解》中提出的语言顺应理论对书面语篇构建过程中的语境进行顺应性分析。比利时语言学家维索尔伦在1999年提出了语用综观论，其理论将语用学看作对语言的综观。其中，顺应论是语用综观论的核心内容。维索尔伦认为语言的使用是一个不断选择的过程；语言使用者能在语言中进行选择是因为语言具有变异性、协商性和顺应性。在书面语篇的构建中，作者运用了许多策略，其目的就是使其语言顺应语境，从而达到与读者有效交际的目的。文章分为五个部分。第一章是绪论，介绍了本文论点的研究意义和文章结构。第二章是文献综述，简述了语篇分析的定义、发展及其内容，语境的定义及其功能，并简要阐述了维索尔伦对语境的解读。第三章详细阐述了本文的理论基础——顺应论，从语用学的角度介绍了语言的三个特性并提供了语言研究的四个角度，本章还介绍了顺应论的核心理论——语境顺应论。第四章以书面语篇为研究对象对书面语篇中的语境顺应现象进行分析，通过分析发现，英语书面语篇的构建过程是语言选择从不同程度动态地顺应其交际语境和语言语境的过程，语境顺应理论在英语书面语篇的构建过程中发挥了重要作用。第五章是结论。总结全文研究的主要内容，并指出不足之处。总而言之，语境顺应论为我们研究英语书面语篇的构建过程提供了新的视角，揭示出成功的书面语篇中所用的语用策略。作者拟通过本研究为英语书面语篇的构建提供一些有用的指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 Language is an important tool in human communication, and communication throughdiscourse, a form of language, is an important part in human life. However, discoursecommunication has to be conducted within specific contexts; that is to say, communicationcan hardly achieve success when isolated from context. Naturally, context becomes one of themost important concepts in the study of linguistics. Lots of Chinese and foreign linguists fromdifferent fields, such as sociolinguists and anthropologic linguists, have been studying contextin different approaches from different perspectives, but most of them focused on either thedefinitions or the relationship between discourse and context, and great consideration wasgiven to their mutual predictability, while little attention was paid to how written discoursesadapt to their contexts.Discourse can be divided into spoken discourse and written discourse. This thesisanalyzes the context of written discourse within the framework of Jef Verschueren’sLinguistic Adaptation Theory. Jef Verschueren, a Belgian linguist, put forward his pragmaticperspective of language in1999, with its emphasis on adaptation theory. He holds the viewthat language use is a continuous process of choice-making, and language has threecharacteristics: variability, negotiability and adaptability. In constructing a written discourse,the writer employs many strategies to make his/her linguistic choices adaptable to the context,so that effective communication with readers can be achieved.The thesis is divided into five chapters. Chapter one is introduction, describing thesignificance of the research and main structure of the thesis. Chapter two is literature review,introducing discourse analysis and context respectively, and particularly describingVerschueren’s interpretation and classification of context. Chapter three elaboratesVerschueren’s Adaptation Theory (AT), introducing three properties of language andproviding four angles of investigation from pragmatic perspective. Contextual AdaptationTheory, as the core part of AT, is also included in this chapter. Chapter four makes an analysison contextual adaptation in written discourse construction. Based on the analysis of plenty ofwritten discourses, the thesis finds that the construction of written discourse is a process ofmaking dynamic linguistic choices so as to adapt to linguistic context and communicativecontext to different degrees and believes that contextual adaptation plays an important role inthe process of constructing written discourse. The last chapter is conclusion, which concludesthe main implications of the paper, and points out some limitations as well. To sum up, the adaptation theory casts new insight into the construction of writtendiscourse, and sheds light on the pragmatic strategies that contribute to those successfulwritten discourses. The author hopes to elicit some helpful suggestions for constructingEnglish written discourse through this thesis.更多还原