【作者】 徐敏；

【导师】 常世旺；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 工业工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 中小企业是我国国民经济的重要组成部分,在我国经济发展中发挥着重要作用,尤其是在促进经济快速发展、增加就业、维护社会稳定方面做出了重大贡献。然而由于中小企业资产规模相对小,各项制度设施不完善,面临的经营风险大,所以在筹集资金方面有一些困难,而筹资难也成了制约中小企业发展的瓶颈。中小企业是我国国民经济中的拾遗补缺者,因为它可以生产少量产品或者特殊产品满足顾客的特别需求；它是就业的蓄水池,在人员引进方面要求相对于大型企业来说没有那么严格,能够吸纳大量的劳动力；同时在技术创新方面具有独特的优势。但是,在我国,中小企业的融资渠道比较狭窄,主要是通过银行贷款,但是银行贷款的标准比较高、约束条件比较多,减缓了中小企业的发展速度。近几年,为促进中小企业更好更快的发展,国家设立了“中小企业发展专项资金”,今年国务院提出了“用融资租赁来解决信贷信用”问题,这些都为解决中小企业融资难提供了好的出路,足见中小企业对我国经济发展的重要性。中小企业面临的融资困境主要表现在融资渠道和融资环境方面,融资渠道窄,资金来源单一,贷款门槛高,民间借贷成本高、风险大,以及直接融资渠道不畅等是中小企业面临的主要困境。受制于中小企业自身的经营状况,政府政策无法享受也是其面临的融资困境之一。只有把这些困难解决了才能使中小企业健康快速发展,因此,需要加强对中小企业实际状况的研究,找出解决中小企业融资难的途径,帮助中小企业走出资金困境,促进中小企业更好的发展,从而促进我国经济的更好更快发展。研究中小企业融资困境问题,是为了找出中小企业融资难的原因,从而更好地解决中小企业的融资困境。为此,本文分成五部分来研究这一问题：第一章是绪论,这一章主要阐述了为什么研究中小企业融资问题,中小企业融资问题的研究综述以及研究研究思路、方法和创新点；第二章是概念界定和理论基础,这部分主要介绍中小企业的概念,中小企业融资难的内涵,同时从资本结构理论、优序融资理论、金融成长周期理论和信贷配给理论方面阐述中小企业融资的理论基础；第三章是我国中小企业融资现状及原因,这一章主要从中小企业地位、融资现状、以及造成问题的原因说明当前我国中小企业面临的融资困境以及形成的原因；第四章是中小企业融资困境分析：J市例证,这一部分主要分析了J市解决中小企业融资难方面取得的成就,并分析了目前J市中小企业仍然面临的困境；第五章是解决我国中小企业融资困境的政策建议,依据前面所提出的造成中小企业融资困境的原因以及中小企业目前面临的困境,提出从三个方面入手解决我国中小企业的融资困境,分别是：完善政府支持体系,完善中小企业金融机构服务体系和创新融资体系。关于中小企业融资困境的研究有利于找出原因,帮助我国中小企业早日走出融资困境,从而有利于中小企业自身的快速成长和不断壮大,同时也有利于促进我国经济的发展和社会的和谐稳定。更多还原

【Abstract】 Small and medium-sized enterprises is an important part of the national economy in China, and plays an important role in the development of economic, made a significant contribution in the promotion of economic development, increase employment, to maintain social stability particularly. Because the small and medium-sized enterprise asset size is small relatively, the system establishment is not perfect, the management risk is high, so it has some difficulties to financing, and the financing difficulty has become a bottleneck restricting the development of SMEs. Small and medium-sized enterprises are supplier of national economy, because it can produce small quantities of products or special products to meet customer’s special requirements; it is the job reservoir, the personnel of the introduction of requirements is not so strict compared to large enterprises, can absorb a large number of labor force; at the same time it has distinct advantage in the technology innovation. However, the financing channel s of small and medium-sized enterprise is narrow in our country, mainly root in bank loans, but the standards of bank loans more higher, and constraint condition is more, slow down the development of small and medium-sized enterprises speed. In recent years, in order to promote small and medium-sized enterprises develop better and faster, the government set up a " special funds for the development of SMEs ", this year the State Council put forward "with financing lease to solve the credit problem," which are provide a good way to resolve the financing problem of small and medium-sized enterprises, it serves to show the important of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, the financing channel and financing environment is mainly financing difficulties small and medium-sized enterprise facing, financing channels narrow, the source of funds is single, loan threshold is high, borrowing cost risk and direct financing channel not free is the major difficulties. Subject to the small and medium-sized enterprise’s operation state, government policy cannot enjoy is another financing difficulties. Only such difficulties can be solved, it will develop healthy and rapidly. Therefore, we need to strengthen the study on small and medium-sized enterprise actual condition, find out the new financing channels to small and medium enterprises to help them out of financing predicament, and development better, so as to promote economic development better and faster in China.Study on the financing difficulties of medium-sized and small enterprises, in order to find the reasons for the financing difficulties of medium-sized and small enterprises, and solve the financing difficulties of medium-sized and small enterprises well. Therefore, this paper is divided into five parts to discuss this problem:the first chapter is the introduction, this chapter mainly expounds why study the financing problem of medium-sized and small enterprises, financing problems of medium-sized and small enterprises and research review, and research ideas, methods and innovation; the second chapter is the Specification and theoretical basis, this part mainly introduces the concept of medium-sized and small enterprises,, the financing connotation of medium-sized and small enterprises, from the capital structure theory, pecking order theory, financial growth cycle theory and the theory of credit rationing to introduce financing theory; the third chapter is financing situation the reason in our country, this chapter mainly state about financing situation, status, as well as the cause of the problems of medium-sized and small enterprises; the fourth chapter is the financing difficulties of medium-sized and small enterprises:analysis of J example, this part mainly analyzes achievements and dilemma medium-sized and small enterprises facing in J; Chapter fifth is to solve the financing difficulties of medium-sized and small enterprises in China,according to the cause financing dilemma and the reasons analysis in front, put forward from three aspects to solve the financing difficulty of SMEs in our country, that is:improve the government support system, improve the financial service system and the innovation financing system.On the financing difficulties of medium-sized and small enterprises research to find out the reasons, to help medium-sized and small enterprises to walk out of financing predicament in our country, so as to facilitate their growth and expansion, rapidly, but also conducive to the promotion of economic and social harmony and stability in China.更多还原