【作者】 刘磊；

【导师】 徐继润；

【作者基本信息】 大连大学 ， 环境工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,国内外学者对折流类污水处理反应器的研究工作主要集中于厌氧折流板反应器和折流曝气生物滤池这两种反应器上。本文整合了这两种反应器的特点,设计出-种集折流、推流和完全混合流于一体的组合流反应器,并考察了进水流量、搅拌器转速和移动板位置等三个与水流特性有关的主要因素对反应器处理性能的影响。组合流反应器的启动采用“人工接种”活性污泥的方法。首先在人工废水中对取白普通污水处理厂的活性污泥进行驯化培养,使其达到反应器脱氮除磷的要求,即活性污泥系统的SV30%在20-30%之间,SVI在100～150之间,pH值6.5～8之间,系统温度为20℃左右。在启动运行试验稳定运行30天之后,经考察各个指标均已达到预期要求,COD去除率稳定在85%以上,TP的去除率稳定在80%以上,氨氮的去除率也能够达到70%,第一好氧区的硝酸盐氮的累积量稳定在28mg/L左右。在生物条件一定的组合流反应器内,正式试验运行中选择进水流量、搅拌器转速和可移动挡板到反应器底部距离(GPB)等三个要素作为变量,分别考察其对反应器COD、氨氮和TP的去除效率的影响。试验结果表明,反应器的去除效果与之三个变量密切相关。单因素试验表明,当进水流量为15L/h、搅拌器转速为400r/min、挡板距底部距离为50mm时反应器性能达到最佳状态。文中设计了三因素四水平正交试验以确定三个因素的显著性,结果表明,影响系统运行效果的主要因素中进水流量最为显著,搅拌器转速次之,可移动挡板到反应器底部距离影响最小。为综合分析水流特性对反应器的整体影响,用示踪法测定了反应器的Pe准数,并进行了三因素四水平的完全试验(共64次),结果表明当Pe准数为1.38时反应器对COD、氨氮和TP的去除率同时达到最大,可供实际选取的适宜Pe值为1.04～1.79之间。在最优流体动力条件下,试验证明反应器运行稳定,各主要污染物可被有效去除。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, the studies on baffled reactors are mainly focused on two kinds of reactors, i.e. the anaerobic baffled reactor and baffled biological aerated filter. By integrating the characteristics of the two reactors mentioned above, a sewage reactor with compound pattern of plug flow, baffled flow and mixed flow is specially designed in this thesis and three main operational parameters, including influent flow-rate, mixing speed and the gaps between movable plate and reaction bottom (in briefly noted as GPB) are changed to investigate experimentally their influences on the pollutant removal in the new-designed reactor. These operational parameters are related directly with hydrodynamic conditions in the reactor.The method of artificial inoculation with common activated sludge is used to start up the reactor. At first, the activated sludge obtained from a wastewater treatment plant is acclimated in artificial wastewater to make the sludge meet the needs of removal of nitrogen and phosphate. The acclimated sludge is required to have SV30%of20%to30%, SVI of100to150, pH of6.5to8.0and reaction temperature of20℃. After30days’steadily acclimation, every indictor has reached the expected target, the removal rates of COD, TP and NH4+-N are85%,80%and70%respectively, content of NO3--N is about28mg/L in the first aerobic reaction section.In the reactor with compound flow patterns, keeping the biological conditions constant, three main operation parameters, including the influent flow-rate, mixing speed and GPB are changed respectively to investigate their effect the removal efficiency of COD, NH4+-N and TP from the artificial sewage. The results indicate that the removal efficiency is influenced by all the three factors and that there are optimum compound conditions at which the reactor works most effectively. The optimum conditions are determined as flow-rate of15L/h, mixing speed of400rpm and GPB of50mm.A set of orthogonal tests with three factors and four levels are arranged to examine the relative importance of the three factors, and the results show that the most important factor is flow-rate, next is mixing speed and the last is GBP. In order to discover the comprehensive influence of the three factors on the reactor efficiency, the Peclet number is measured and calculated by use of trace analysis and total64sets of experiments for all the three factors and four levels are done in laboratary. The results indicates that when Pe number is1.38the removal efficiencies of COD, NH4+-N and TP are the highest, and there is a selectable Pe number range of1.04to1.79in practice in which higher removal efficiency is respected. At last,20times of experiments under the optimum hydrodynamic conditions are processed and it is verified that the system is able to be operated steadily and the main pollutants can be removed effectively.更多还原