【作者】 李磊；

【导师】 刘正林；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 船舶推进轴系是指从船舶主机输出端到螺旋桨的传动轴以及轴上各种附件的综合体,它是船舶动力装置的重要组成部分。船舶在航行过程中不可避免地要受到各种冲击载荷的威胁：它不仅要受到一般航行过程中由于碰撞或搁浅产生的碰撞力载荷,而且军用船只还要考虑在战时受到爆炸冲击载荷。轴系在这种强冲击载荷下的应力、位移响应直接关系到船舶动力系统的安全性、可靠性,因此,研究船舶推进轴系的抗冲击响应性能具有十分重要的意义。文中系统研究了水下非接触爆炸对船舶推进轴系影响的相关理论,总结出了几种在军事和民用方面应用较为广泛的方法,建立了推进轴系及设备的有限元抗冲击计算模型,并根据计算的结果对轴系冲击性能的影响因素进行了分析,提出了相关的建议及修改方法,具体的研究工作如下：(1)以水下爆炸理论为基础,从水下冲击波和气泡脉动两个方面,用一系列相关公式表述了爆炸冲击波在水下的产生传播过程,并给出了水下爆炸的计算公式。说明了冲击源的问题,以及水下冲击波和船舶结构的流固耦合作用,用公式交待了能量的传递过程。论述了冲击波如何在船舶结构及设备中传播,并给出了冲击响应的计算方法,并以一个计算实例说明了轴系的组成,以及计算的过程与结果分析。(2)研究了船舶推进轴系的抗冲击响应性能。建立了船舶轴系的抗冲击模型,并计算得到了轴系的冲击值。探讨了轴系的冲击环境、轴承刚度、轴系转速、螺旋桨推力对其抗冲击性能的影响作用。结果表明：轴系的冲击环境和轴承刚度对轴系抗冲击性能影响较大,轴系转速和螺旋桨推力对轴系抗冲击性能影响相对较小。(3)建立了船舶尾轴承的三维实体模型,基于频域分析和时域分析的两种抗冲击分析方法,探讨了冲击激励谱作用下轴承的抗冲击响应,研究了水润滑轴承的有限元模型建立问题,并利用ANSYS和ADINA软件计算出了相应的位移和应变值。同时,模拟了船舶尾轴承在受到水下非接触爆炸的情况下,结构的响应数值,提供了一种基于有限元软件计算接触爆炸的思路,为试验的校准,设备的研制、考核提供了一种计算方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Marine propulsion shafting is defined from the ship engine output to the propeller shaft and include various attachment complexes, it is an important part of marine power plant. Ships in the navigation process inevitably subjected to various impact threat:it not only suffer the impact load due to collision or grounding in the general course of the voyage; and military must consider the wartime subjected to explosion impact load. The stress and displacement response of shafting in the strong impact loading is directly related to the safety, reliability of ship power system, therefore, marine propulsion shafting shock response performance has very important significance.This paper systematically studied the theory about underwater non contact explosion on ship propulsion effect, this paper sums up several method have been applicated in military and civil fields, the finite element impact calculation model of the propulsion shafting and equipment was built up, Analysis the shock performance influencing factor for shafting according to the result of calculation, put forward the related suggestions and modification method, the specific work is as follows:(1)Take underwater explosion theory as a foundation, Explain the production and spreading process of the explosive shock wave under water in the shock wave and bubble, and gives the calculation formula of underwater explosion, the shock of the source. Interpretation the energy transfer process by underwater shock waves and marine structures of fluid-solid coupling with the formula. Discusses how the shock wave spread in ship structure and equipment, and gives the calculation method of shock response. With a calculation example of shaft components, as well as the calculation process and results analysis.(2)Study the marine propulsion shafting shock response performance. Establish an ship shafting shock model, and calculates the shafting shock value. Discusses the impact of shock environmental, bearing stiffness, shaft speed, the propeller thrust to propulsion shafting, the results show that:the impact of environment and bearing stiffness of the shaft resistance performance of the impact is bigger, shaft speed and thrust of propeller to shaft resistance performance of relatively small effect. (3)Establish ship stern bearing of the three-dimensional solid model, discusses response of water lubricated bearing under the shock excitation spectrum based on the frequency domain analysis and time domain analysis, research the established of finite element model, and use ANSYS and ADINA software to calculate the corresponding displacement and the strain values. At the same time, simulating a ship stern bearing subjected to non-contact underwater explosion cases, caclulated structural response value, provides a method based on the finite element softwareto calculate the contact explosion ideas for test calibration, development and assessment of equipment.更多还原