【作者】 王琼；

【导师】 王林；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 道路运输业是国民经济系统的子系统之一,是维持其他子系统有效运作的主要承载体,是联系各区域、各行业、各部门的纽带,是保障社会经济系统生机的基本条件。随着社会的不断进步和商品经济高速发展,劳动力和资本的流动速度会越来越快,只有适度超前于经济发展速度的道路运输系统才能成为支撑经济发展的强大后盾。通过研究生产率概念理论和测算方法论,采用定性与定量相结合的手段来探讨宜昌市道路运输业的生产率波动情况和波动致因,从而得到带动生产率水平提高的有效措施与最佳途径,进而推动宜昌市道路运输业经济增长方式由外延型向内涵型转变,实现宜昌市道路运输业的可持续发展。本文首先基于国内外全要素生产率的研究现状,探讨了全要素生产率的概念、原理及不同测算方法。通过分析宜昌市社会经济与道路运输业的发展现状和趋势,基于永续存盘等方法归纳了宜昌市道路运输业2000-2010年投入与产出数据,并总结了宜昌市道路运输业的近十年的发展特点与存在问题。然后分别从单要素生产率和全要素生产率角度分析了宜昌市道路运输业的生产率。基于单要素生产率,本文分析了宜昌市道路运输业资本生产率和劳动生产率的变动情况；基于全要素生产率,本文分别使用索洛余值法和超越对数生产函数,借助SPSS软件和STATA统计分析软件,分析了宜昌市道路运输业全要素生产率的变动情况,考察投入要素的相互作用对全要素生产率度量结果的影响。接着使用DEAP2.1软件,基于DEA-Malmquist指数法将全要素生产率分解成为技术效率变动指数、技术进步变动指数、纯技术效率变动指数和规模效率变动指数,探讨带动宜昌市道路运输业全要素生产率提高的主要动力源泉,并通过STATA统计分析软件建立了影响宜昌市道路运输业全要素生产率的各类因素的回归方程,得到了合理结果。最后根据前文的测算结果与宜昌市道路运输系统的发展态势提出了宜昌市道路运输业提高全要素生产率的对策与建议,为宜昌市地方政府部门、决策机构制定和实施提高其道路运输业全要素生产率的政策措施提供参考依据。总之,本文通过对宜昌市道路运输业全要素生产率的测度和分析,可以更好的把握宜昌市道路运输业的发展现状,找到其发展的制约因素与增长源泉。更多还原

【Abstract】 Road Transportation Industry is one of the subsystems of the national economy and the main carrier body to maintain effective operation of other subsystems. It is also the ties to contact various regions, various industries and various departments, and the basic condition to protect vitality of the socio-economic system. With the social progress and the rapid development of the commodity economy, the flow speed of labor and capital becomes faster and faster. Only such a road transport system that is moderately ahead of the pace of economic development can be the strong backing of economic development. To realize the transition of the economic growth mode from epitaxial-type to the connotation type of the Road Transportation Industry in Yichang there must be the scientific concept and theory of productivity and scientific calculation methodology. By using quantitative methods and qualitative methods to analysis the reason of productivity levels and productivity growth of road transportation industry in Yichang, the effective ways to improve productivity can be accurately found.Based on the research of total factor productivity both at home and abroad, the concept, principles and different calculation methods of total factor productivity are discussed in this thesis. Then the development status and trends of Road Transportation Industry is analyzed and by analyzing the input and output data in road transportation Industry of Yichang from2000to2010, the characteristics and problems of the development of the road transportation industry in Yichang is summarized. And then from the single-factor productivity and total factor productivity angle separately, the productivity of the road transportation industry in Yichang is analyzed. From Single-factor productivity angle, changes of the capital and labor productivity of the road transportation industry in Yichang is analyzed. From the total factor productivity angle, by using SPSS software and STATA statistical analysis software, Solow residual method and transcendental logarithmic production function are used to analyze the changes of the total factor productivity and examine whether the interaction of input factors can cause significant impact on TFP measurement results. With the help of DEAP2.1software and on the basis of DEA-Malmquist index, total factor productivity is decomposed into index of changes in technical efficiency, index of changes in the technological advances, index of changes in pure technical efficiency, and index of changes in scale efficiency. And the main driver that promotes development of total factor productivity of road transportation industry in Yichang is explored and regression equation of various factors that affect total factor productivity is established by STATA Statistical Analysis software. And finally, on the basis of the foregoing calculation results and the momentum of development of the road transportation system in Yichang, some countermeasures and proposals are proposed to improve total factor productivity of road transportation industry in Yichang, which provide operable foundation for the local government sector, the decision-making body to improve the total factor productivity.In short, by measuring and analyzing total factor productivity of road transportation industry in Yichang, the development status of the road transportation industry can be better grasped and the restrictive factors and sources of growth that impact the development of road transport industry are found.更多还原