【作者】 郑莹；

【导师】 杨家宽； 康建雄；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 生态学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 我国是铸件生产大国，每年国内产生约3000万吨左右的铸造旧砂，大量铸造旧砂未经处理而直接排放，既浪费资源又污染环境。因此科学处置铸造旧砂具有重要意义。本文以东风汽车股份有限公司的铸造旧砂为研究对象，进行制备环保生态建材——蒸压砖的实验研究。通过XRD、SEM手段对其强度和耐久性机理进行了分析，并分析原料化学组成、利用X射线衍射等手段，对铸造旧砂环保生态建材的成型机理和强度形成机理进行探索。论文从性能和成本两个指标出发，对铸造旧砂环保生态建材的配方、成型压力、成型温度、蒸养条件等工艺参数确定进行了细化和探讨；进而对铸造旧砂环保生态建材进行了较全面的性能测试。实验室中试实验表明：以50%的铸造旧砂、15~20%的电厂干排粉煤灰、15~20%石硝、9~14%的生石灰粉、0~1%的水泥、1%复合外加剂（自制），经过8~12h的陈化、控制混合原料含水率在10~15%和20MPa的成型压力下，制得性能优异的标砖制品，符合《蒸压灰砂砖》GB11945-1999中MU15砖制品标准。此外，文中针对年产量5000万块的铸造旧砂蒸压砖生产线进行设计，分析了铸造旧砂蒸压砖生产线的经济效益，环境、生态效益和社会效益。设计的砖厂预计总投资1397.9万元，年利润408.127万元，经济效益较好；另外，每年将减少铸造旧砂6.48万吨，粉煤灰2.592万吨。铸造旧砂制备的蒸压砖不但性能较好，而且能够消减大量的铸造旧砂，其生产工艺简单可行，生产成本较低，该项目在环境、生态、社会和经济方面效益显著，应继续优化工艺、加大推广及应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is the largest producer of castings. More than30million tons of waste foundrysand is generated every year in China. The disposal of a large quantity of foundry sand,not only wastes resources, but also causes serious pollution to the environment. Thetreatment of waste foundry sand is more and more important in China.In this thesis, the foundry sand from Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. was used to prepareenvironmental ecological construction materials, the steam-cured bricks. XRD and SEMtechniques were used to analyze the mechanism of strength and durability contributor ofthe autoclaved bricks.Both performance and cost of bricks were considered as indicators to optimize thedosage of raw materials, molding parameters and curving conditions. Then the productswere tested comprehensively.Experiments show that:50wt%of waste foundry sand,15~20wt%of plant dry fly ash,15~20wt%stone scrapes,9~14wt%quicklime powder,0~1wt%cement,1~3wt%special additive in the8~12h aging, the moisture content of10~15%of molding underthe pressure of40MPa, standard brick products obtained can achieve the performanceMU15brick products in the GB11945-1999standard.A plant with50million foundry sand bricks was designed in this study. The benefits ofeconomic, environmental and social of the production line were analyzed. The totalinvention of the plant was13.979million Yuan, while the annual profit was about4.081million. Approximate64,800tons of waste foundry sands and25,920tons of fly ash willbe decreased annually.Waste foundry sand brick plant not only produces excellent building materials, but alsoconsumes waste foundry sands effectively. It also shows excellent economic,environmental, ecology and social benefit.更多还原