【作者】 陈静；

【导师】 刘建忠； 杨卫娟；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 热能工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 能源是人类社会发展的重要基础资源。在这个能源当道的时代,国际油价持续增长牵动着各个国家的命脉,日益严重的环境问题迫切地需要人类寻求可再生能源。太阳能热气流发电技术是利用太阳能和运用烟囱效应、涡轮机组发电技术进行发电的一种新的太阳能热发电技术,该技术具有资源丰富、清洁无污染、可再生、发电成本低、结构简单等优点。本文在太阳能热气流发电系统的能量转换和输出功率理论基础上,设计搭建了一个小型的实验装置,对实验装置的温度场和烟囱出口风速进行了测量。并通过改变系统几何尺寸,研究得出烟囱高度、烟囱直径、流道形式等几何尺寸对系统性能的影响规律。同时,本文应用数值计算方法,在一定假设条件下,建立了太阳能热气流发电系统的数值计算模型。采用FLUENT软件对太阳能热气流发电系统中的速度场和压力场进行了数值模拟,研究得出了集热棚直径、集热棚入口高度、烟囱形状、烟囱高度、烟囱直径等几何尺寸对系统性能的影响规律。最后,本文对数值模拟的结果和实验结果进行了比较分析。综合模拟和实验研究表明：在其他条件不变的情况下,集热棚入口高度对太阳能热气流发电系统的发电功率没有影响；烟囱直径存在最佳值,使系统的发电功率最大；太阳热气流发电系统的发电功率随集热棚直径、烟囱高度的增大而增大；烟囱形状为渐扩型时发电功率比较大,但其实际建造有困难；蓄热层黑度越高系统效率越高;集热棚和烟囱连接光滑流道比直角流道对系统更有利。模拟和实验研究为实用性的太阳能热气流发电站的优化设计和建造提供了依据和指导,本文在研究了系统几何尺寸和形体变化对系统性能的影响的基础上设计了功率为200MW电站的合理尺寸。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy is an important basic resource for the development of human society. In recent years, people are made to search for renewable energy urgently, fighting against the sustained growing international oil price and increasingly prominent environmental pollution. Solar chimney technology is a new power generation technology utilizing solar energy, chimney effect and turbine technology. There are many advantages in solar chimney technology:abound resources, clean, low cost and simple geometric construction.In this paper, based on the theory of the heat transfer and the power output, we have designed a small type solar chimney system. We have measured the temperature field of each point and the velocity of the chimney outlet. The experimental result offered the effects of geometry size on system performance. The geometry size include:chimney height, chimney diameter, sprue shape.In this paper, based on some hypotheses, a numerical mathematical model about the airflow in the solar chimney system is established, by which the common commercial CFD software FLUENT is used to simulate the velocity field, the temperature field and the pressure field in the solar chimney system. The simulated result offered the effects of geometry size on system performance. The geometry size include:collector diameter, collector height, chimney shape, chimney height, chimney diameter.Finally, the simulated result and the experimental result have been compared and analyzed in the thesis. According to the analysis on the simulation and experiment result:when other size condition are changeless, the height of solar collector is on influence on the generated output; there is an optimal value of solar chimney diameter, by which the generated output of the solar chimney system is most; the generated output of the solar chimney system become greater with increase in the solar collector diameter, the solar chimney height and the blackness of heat storage layer; and it becomes greater when the chimney shape is gradually expanding. But gradually expanded type is difficult to building. The sprue shape also is the most important influence factors:smooth connection is better.The simulated result and the experimental result offered the theory and the guidance for the design optimization of the future practical solar chimney station. Based on the study of the effects of geometry size and shape on system performance, the reasonable form and geometry size were determined for a200MW power station.更多还原