【作者】 钟志宏；

【导师】 吴运新；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 机械工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 混凝土泵车是工程建设领域应用最广泛的大型工程机械之一,其技术含量高、维护难度大、成本高。由于作业强度及环境因素的影响,泵车在使用过程中故障频发。为了了解臂架在不同工况姿态下的工作特性,促进臂架结构优化设计,改善泵车工作性能,本文基于Patran平台开发了臂架多姿态自动分析模块,并对臂架不同姿态下的静、动态特性进行了研究。首先,结合臂架结构特点确定了臂架模型简化原则,分别建立了试验臂架及某37m泵车臂架的有限元模型；采用旋转法实现了臂架模型的姿态变换；运用多点约束RBE2和RJOINT模拟了销轴联接；建立了臂架有限元分析时液压油缸的等效模型,推导了任意姿态下液压缸的等效刚度及密度公式；基于Patran二次开发了集成于Patran环境中,能够实现臂架姿态变换自动化、载荷参数化以及静力／模态批量分析,并具有良好图形用户界面的臂架多姿态自动分析模块,能够大大提高臂架不同姿态有限元分析的效率。其次,运用开发的自动分析模块对四种典型姿态下的试验臂架进行了静力与模态分析,并分别对对应四种姿态进行了静应力与固有频率测试；有限元分析结果与测试结果对比验证了分析模块静力与模态分析的准确性。最后,运用开发的自动分析模块对某37m泵车臂架进行了水平姿态与楼板姿态下的静力与模态分析,并将静力分析结果与测试数据进行了对比,验证了模型与分析的可靠性。分析结果能够为臂架传感器布置、结构优化以及减振提供支持与指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 Truck mounted concrete pump is one of the most widely used large construction machineries in engineering construction field, which is of high technical content and high maintenance cost. It often breaks down when in use due to working intensity and environmental factors. In order to investigate working characteristics of boom in various postures, thus to promote structural optimization and improve working performance, an automatic multi-posture analysis module of boom of truck mounted concrete pump was developed based on Patran, and the booms’static and dynamic characteristics in different postures were studied in this paper.Firstly, model simplification principle for booms were established according to their structural characteristics, and finite element models of a test boom and the boom of a37m truck mounted concrete pump were built respectively; posture transformation of boom was realized by means of rotation; pin connections were simulated with multiple-point constraints RBE2and RJOINT; equivalent model of hydraulic cylinders in finite element analysis was established and their equivalent stiffness and density formulae were derived; a boom analysis module which has functions of automatic posture transformation, loads parameterization and static/modal batch analysis was developed based on Patran. It has friendly graphic user interface and could greatly enhance finite element analysis efficiency of the booms in various postures.Secondly, the test boom’s static stresses and modals in four typical postures were analyzed with the developed automatic analysis module and were tested respectively. Then the analytical results were compared with the test results, which verified accuracy of the analysis module for both static and modal analyses.Lastly, static stresses and modals of boom of the37m truck mounted concrete pump in postures of "horizontal" and "floor" were analyzed with the developed automatic analysis module, and the static analysis results were compared with test data, which verified the reliability of the model and analyses. The results can provide support and guidance for sensor arrangement, structural optimization and vibration reduction of booms.更多还原