【作者】 刘鹏；

【导师】 赵宏强；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 机械工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 气液联合式破碎锤是一种高效率的液压碎石机械,它以结构紧凑、能量密度高、适应性强和可靠性高等特点在破碎机械中占据重要地位。气液联合式冲击器是该类破碎锤的核心工作机构,其运动特性和工作性能对破碎效率的影响很大。本文以山河智能SWHB系列气液联合式破碎锤为研究对象,对该类破碎锤的数学模型、仿真模型和运动特性进行较为深入和细致的研究,主要工作如下：运用液压冲击机构的设计理论对气液联合式破碎锤进行运动特性分析,得到了各运动件的运动学方程；提出一种利用液压容腔的分析方法对活塞前、后腔和配流阀高压腔进行分状态研究,建立了相应的数学模型。根据气液联合式破碎锤的工作特性,得到建立模型的原则和方法。分析液压冲击器的内部结构和运动特性,提出利用计算过流面积的方法,结合该类破碎锤的实际工况,利用AMESim软件搭建了破碎锤的仿真模型。以SWHB58气液联合式破碎锤为实验对象,利用气压法进行了实验测试,将实验结果与仿真结果对比分析,验证了模型的真实性和准确性。在此基础上,分别改变初始充气压力和输入流量,利用模型进行仿真,得到了冲击性能的曲线,研究了初始充气压力和输入流量对该类破碎锤工作性能的影响。论文同时还针对不同活塞质量和前腔液压油作用面积、配流阀正负开口形式以及蓄能器和氮气室容积大小等进行了研究,探讨了关键结构参数对工作性能的影响规律。本文的研究方法为深入分析破碎锤的运行规律提供了一种新的思路,研究结果对破碎锤的设计与生产具有一定的实用价值和理论指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pneumatic-hydraulic hammer is one of the high-efficiency hydraulic rock-breakup machines. It features prominently in rock-breakup machine market with a series of features, including compact structure, high energy density, good adaptability and high reliability. Pneumatic-hydraulic impactor is the core of the hammer. Its motion and output characteristics have a great influence on the breakup efficiency. This thesis takes Sunward’s SWHB series as a research object to carry out a profound and meticulous research on the mathematical model, simulation model and motion characteristics of this kind of hammer. The main works are as follows:The motion characteristics of pneumatic-hydraulic hammer are analyzed by the design theory of the hydraulic impactor and the kinematics equations of all the mechanisms are obtained. After the analytical method of hydraulic cavity is put forward, the front and rear chambers of piston as well as the high pressure cavity of distributing valve in different states are analyzed to establish the corresponding mathematical model.Model establishing principles and measures are advanced based on the operating characteristics of the pneumatic-hydraulic hammer. Inner structure and motion characteristics are analyzed. After calculating the conveyance area and referring to the actual working conditions, the simulation model of the hammer is established by software AMESim.Taking SWHB58as a research object, the experiment is done by air pressure method. By comparing the results of the experiment with that of the simulation, the reliability and validity of the simulation model are verified. Based on this, parameters such as initial air pressure and input flow are changed, and the curve of impact characteristics is worked out by model simulation. The thesis also makes researches on the influence of initial air pressure and input flow on this kind of hammer. In addition, many other factors are studied, such as piston mass, operation area of hydraulic oil in the ante-chamber, positive or negative opening of distributing valve and size of accumulator and nitrogen chamer, thus making a discuss on the influence of key structure parameters on output characteristics.In this thesis, a new way to analyze how hammers work is advanced. The research findings are of practical value and provide theoretical guidance to the design and manufacture of hammers.更多还原