【作者】 刘玉静；

【导师】 姜杰；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 行政管理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 住房是百姓的基本生活需求,“住有所居”是我国全面建设小康社会的重要目标。近年来,随着房地产业的持续升温,中低收入人群无力购买商品房,低收入者住房问题成为社会普遍关注的重要问题。保障性住房的短缺,凸显出政府在提供公共产品方面的缺位。针对这种情况,根据我国的基本国情,政府提出加强保障性住房建设。2011年“两会”期间通过国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划提出,“十二五”期间建设保障性住房和各类棚户区改造住房3600万套,到“十二五”期末,保障性住房覆盖面要达到20%左右。截止到2011年底,保障性住房建设开工率基本完成当年目标,保障性住房建设有条不紊的进行,为中低收入人群的住房提供了一定的保障。尽管如此,保障房的建设仍然存在诸多问题,包括建设数量偏少、覆盖面较窄、申请程序混乱、关系户问题严重、监督不到位以及财政短缺等等,使得保障房建设直到目前还停留在起步阶段。保障性住房作为低收入人群的基本生活保障之一,它的问题能否解决,关系到房地产业的良性稳定的发展以及良好的市场秩序的建立,关系到我国市场制度的完善并直接关系到社会稳定和民生状况的改善。为了更好的阐明保障性住房建设的问题,笔者介绍了保障性住房建设由政府提供的必要性以及相应的政策建议,本文中,笔者分六章论述了自己的思想：第一章介绍了保障性住房的公共产品特性,从保障性住房的特点、目标人群的特点以及公共产品的特性入手,得出保障性住房是公共产品的结论,然后,通过论述市场提供产品的盈利性特点,指出市场提供保障房是行不通的,从反面论证政府提供保障性住房的责任,同时,提出政府提供保障性住房的意义,从经济学的角度得出了政府提供公共产品的责任；第二部分,笔者从历史的角度回顾了保障性住房建设的发展,叙述了从计划经济向市场经济中保障性住房从产生到发展的过程；第三部分,笔者分析当前我国政府提供保障性住房的现状,提出存在的问题。第四部分开始对国内外的保障房的建设和运营模式进行了相应的论述,根据我国人口稠密的特点,重点选取了几个典型的国家和地区,包括德国、日本、新加坡,以及在我国发展的香港模式和重庆模式；第五部分,根据国内外的成功的模式,提出了我国保障房建设的发展思路,并阐述了保障房建设中应该注意的问题；第六部分对本文进行了总结,指出房地产业不能全部由市场来操控,而应该划出一定比例的保障房作为政府提供的公共产品。只有保障房建设好了,才能使得百姓安居乐业,才能有助于建立有序健康的市场秩序,才能保证社会的稳定和经济的健康增长。更多还原

【Abstract】 Housing is the basic need in our daily life. Living within a house is a goal of the comprehensive construction of a well-off society. As what we see, the government limited the real state price and the demand, the affordable housing came up to people’s view. However, we all disappointed to see that our housing seems out of reach. In this condition, the government stated to strengthen the construction of affordable houses and brought out the proposal that from2011-2015, the government will supply over36000,000affordable houses to poor people who can’t afford basic housing needs and make the security guarantee in housing to extend to20%over the society. By the end of2011, this program is working well and a lot of people have already got benefits from it. But still, the housing guarantee shows many problems, for example, the quantity is small, the outreach is still narrow, the procedure is messed up, the supervision is weak and the finance is short etc. All these problems shows that our housing guarantee stays at a starting time.As we said, housing is people’s basic need as food, clothing, housing and transport. But the land is limited, as the population grows, it will in short supply. In this condition, a key problems comes that how to solve the rigid needs and the limited lands. In other hand, the affordable houses is lower level people’s basic safeguard, which straightly matters the real state market developing steadily, the optimum market rules establishing, the society staying stable and the people’s livelihood being better.In this paper, the author presented her thoughts in six part:In chapter1, the author introduced why put the security room as public goods, mainly from the character of the security room, the target people and the public goods to get the conclusion. Besides, the author stated the government’s duty on public goods from economic view. In this part, the author put up that the market couldn’t supply the security goods as its profitable character which demonstrated the duty of the government in the other side. In chapter2, the author stated the history of providing affordable housing from the age of planning economy to the age of free market economy.In chapter3, the author analyzed the reality, proposes the existing problems and refined the the location of housing guarantee project in the whole real state market. In chapter4, the author prescribed the experience of the project of housing guarantee and its running style both in and abroad. In this part, the author first introduced the practice in German, Japan and Singapore. Then, the author introduced the "HongKong" style and "Chongqing style". In chapter5, the author summarized the practice, made a research to our security room project, reminded some problems we could meet and brought out some advice. At last, the author made a summary, mentioned that the real state market shouldn’t controlled by market but the government, especially in security housing project. If only people’s housing was guaranteed, people’s livelihood can be improved, the well-ordered market can be set up, the society can stay steady and the economy can be developed healthily.更多还原