节点文献
唐宋文人诗谶研究
【作者】 李敏；
【导师】 孙尚勇；
【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2012， 硕士
【摘要】 诗谶是中国古代传统谶文化与诗文化相结合的产物。诗谶即是指具有某种预见性的诗歌。这一类诗歌,一方面具有诗歌的特征,是审美的；另一方面,则又印证着谶隐秘的预言性。诗谶与谶谣、谶言相比,“谶”所具有的典型的政治暗示和“君权神授”色彩开始褪去,而作为独立的个人命运被凸显出来。诗谶被广泛的记录于唐宋的笔记小说和诗话之中,又以宋代所录的诗谶为多,甚至宋代出现了将诗谶收集整理于一章一节中的书籍。根据诗谶的得来,可以将其分为诗人自得,诗人相互赠答以及由神秘体验得谶三种。又可以根据诗谶预示的不同结果分为凶谶和吉谶。诗谶涉及了士人生活中的方方面面。诗谶是一种语境的产物,它借助于诗歌自身所具有的多义性和模糊性,使得诗谶成立所需要的相关条件也被适当模糊。同时,诗歌创作灵感的神秘色彩,导致人们在解释灵感现象时诉求于鬼神等绝对力量。加上古人普遍相信“生死有命,富贵在天”的命定论,追求“天人合一”,洞悉天理天道成为古人的人生理想,作为个人命运预言的诗谶也就成了这种迷信思想的必然产物。作为秉持天地灵气的人,其先天的个性和后天的诗作风格,共同影响了诗谶的吉凶走向。同样,“诗穷而后工”的创作理论,也造成一些气象赢弱的诗歌被解读成诗谶。诗谶的勃兴,反过来强化了人们对于预言的迷信,当生理上的不健康受到精神压力的影响,又给诗谶的可能性提供了便利。人们对“语言禁忌”的迷信,对避讳的重视,造成解读诗歌时,对个别词汇好坏的特别关注。又民间占梦解梦的风靡,解梦的思维惯例带入诗歌阐释,就变成了诗歌成谶的解读法。诗谶与士人生活相结合,具体反映在科举和仕进两个方面。唐宋两朝兴盛的科举制以及科举考试的不易,成为滋生各类占卜的土壤。又有宋代不断的党争,造成文人们官途跌宕不定。这些都促成了诗谶在有宋一代的数量激增。
【Abstract】 Poetry Prophecy is the product of the combination of the prophecies of ancient Chinese traditional culture and poetry culture. Poetry Prophecy which means the poetry of a certain predictability. This type of poetry, poetry was characterized on the one hand, the aesthetic; the other hand, also confirms the prophecy hidden prophetic. Poetry Prophecy Prophecy rumors, prophecy words compared to the typical political hint of the "prophecy" and "divine right" color began to fade, was prominent as an independent personal destiny. Poetry prophecies recorded in the notes fiction and Poetry of the Tang and Song dynasties, especially the Song Dynasty poem recorded prophecy, even as the Song Dynasty poem prophecy collected in a chapter of a book. Poetic Prophecy to the poet contented poet Replying Gift in and was prophecy three kinds of mystical experience. Also according to the different results predicted by the Poetry Prophecy is divided into fierce prophecy and Kat prophecy. Poetry Prophecy involved in all aspects of the literati life.Poetry Prophecy is a product of the context, by means of poetry itself has ambiguity and fuzziness, the poem prophecy to set up the required conditions have been appropriate fuzzy. Meanwhile, the mystery of poetry inspired, led to appeal to the absolute power of the spirits, etc. to explain the inspiration phenomena. Coupled with the ancients generally believed that "life and death, the fatalism of Fortune is in Heaven", the pursuit of "Heaven," insight into the heaven Heaven to become the ideals of the ancients, Poetry Prophecy as a prophecy of the fate of individuals became superstition the natural product. Uphold the world of Reiki, its innate personality and acquired the poetry of style, the combined effect of the poem prophecy of good and bad direction. Similarly, poetry Reverals Genius "creation theory, but also caused some meteorological weak poetry be interpreted as a poem prophecy. Poetic Prophecy in the rise, in turn, strengthen the prophecy, superstition, when physiological unhealthy by mental stress, the possibility gave the poem prophecy convenience.Language taboos, superstitions, and shy about the attention, resulting in the interpretation of poetry, good or bad for individual vocabulary of particular concern. Popular and folk dream interpretation Dream, dream and thinking practice into the interpretation of poetry, becomes a poetic prophecy interpretation of law.Poetry Prophecy Scholars life, reflected specifically in the imperial examination and officialdom. Tang and Song dynasties flourished the imperial examination system and imperial examination is not easy to become a breeding ground for all kinds of divination soil. There are constant party struggles in the Song Dynasty, caused by the literati official passers-ups uncertain. These have contributed to the Poetry Prophecy surge in the number of the Song Dynasty.