【作者】 唐文俊；

【导师】 张文华；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 生物课程与教学论， 2012， 硕士

【副题名】以“趣味昆虫”资源包为例

【摘要】 “综合实践活动”是基于学生的直接经验、密切联系学生自身生活和社会生活、体现对知识综合运用的课程形态,是一种强调体验与应用、探索与发散的实践性课程。“青少年科技综合实践活动资源包”是近几年由中国科协青少年科技中心(中国科协科普活动中心)在全国范围内重点组织开发的系列指导教程和配套素材。作为课程改革的产物,综合实践活动资源包应能体现新课程理念,代表先进的活动课程教材发展的方向。然而,在已有的资源包设计案例中,新课程理念的体现程度深浅不一；而资源包本身,作为一种新兴的教程模式,其形式、编制方法等尚处研究阶段,需在实践中摸索和考量,以寻求更加科学合理、实用性强、编制方便的资源包开发策略。本项研究基于参与中科协“青少年科技综合实践活动资源包”开发项目,在对资源包进行理论定位、问题研究的基础上,以“趣味昆虫”资源包的创编为实证研究,尝试符合新课程理念的资源包开发策略。为了保证项口的意义和价值,开发前进行了前期调研,通过问卷调查了解学生情况。开发过程中,“趣味昆虫”资源包以活动为主体,从昆虫栖息地考察、昆虫饲养、实验探究、模型小制作四大类活动出发建构内容框架；活动选题凸显趣味性,形式多样,与生活联系紧密,突出可行性和实用性；活动既强调人身安全、又强调生态安全,体现学科理念。开发完成之后,通过与同类教程横向比较,“趣味昆虫”资源包在活动涉及领域、活动种类与数量、与前沿科学和社会生活的联系,以及活动指导力等方面显示出更大的优势,兼顾了教师和学生的共同需要,最后得到了专家的肯定。本项研究表明,综合实践活动资源包的开发应实现对学生和教师的共同指导；通过建立基于活动和学科发展轨迹的新型内容体系,有助于提升资源包的实践性和系统性；科普类综合实践活动资源包应打造科普型探究,与专业型研究相区分；综合实践活动的深度要挖掘,渗透学科理念和精神；资源包开发中要充分利用各种资源,更好地实现STS；活动的编排应优化其过程使学习循序渐进。作为后续工作,建议开展不同类型资源包的开发,尝试不同的编写体例和模式,将“趣味昆虫”资源包投入实践运用,努力开发更多的昆虫科普活动和资源。更多还原

【Abstract】 The curriculum of comprehensive practicing activities is based on direct experience of the students, closely contacts with their social life, reflects the form of the integrated use of knowledge. It emphasizes practical experience, application of research and divergent exploration."Resource package for Teenage scientific and technological comprehensive practical activity" is a form of course which exploited by Children&Youth Science Center of CAST in recent years, focusing on the development of a series of tutorials and supporting materials. As a fruit of the curriculum reform, the resource package should contain new curriculum ideas, keep pace with the advanced development of the activity curriculum. However, not all the existing designs on this curriculum and related package can be the manifestation of all new curriculum ideas. As a new form of course, the resource package itself is still in the stage of research on the exploration ways. More practices should be carried out to seek for more scientific, reasonable, practical and convenient development strategies for this curriculum and textbook.This study is based on the participation in the "Resource package for Teenage scientific and technological comprehensive practical activity" project leaded by Children&Youth Science Center of CAST. After the theory research and question analysis, we try to compose an activity-resource package, named as "Interesting Insects", as an empirical research to testify the new development strategies that based on new curriculum ideas. In order to ensure the meaning and value of the project, we carried out a preliminary investigation to understand the students through questionnaires. The package is constructed by four types of activities as content framework:habitat investigation, insect feeding, experiments, hand-made activities. Topics of activities highlight the interest and diversity, close contact with life, feasibility and practicality. Safety is emphasized in activities, concerning about both ecological and personal security, which reflecting the advanced concept of biology education. After completion, we compare the activity-resource package with similar tutorial as evaluation."Interesting Insects" shows greater advantage in designing activities, with more types and larger quantity, more details and directions, more contact with the cutting-edge science and social life etc. All these meet the needs from both teachers and students, which finally affirmed by experts.This study shows that a well-designed activity-resource package should provide joint guidance to both students and teachers; the establishment of a new content system, which based on activities and the development track of certain subject, helps to improve the practicality of the course; popular scientific research should be given, instead of professional studies; activities should be more meaningful, showing the concept and spirit of certain subject; more natural or social resources should be developed to better realize the STS idea; activities in the package should be well arranged and organized to conform with the mental and physical characteristics of the children. More jobs are suggested as follow up, for example, trying to develop more kinds of activity-resource package with various patterns, practicing the "Interesting Insects" package in schools, developing more related activities and resources.更多还原